一般過去時的用法(鞏固篇)
2015-10-10 22:36
?一般過去時的用法?
一、概述(回顧)
1.表示在的過去某個時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。?
時間狀語有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。 如:?
1)I was at the zoo yesterday. 昨天我在動物園。?
2)I went to bed at eleven last nigth. 昨晚我11:00睡覺。 2.表示在過去一段時間內,經常性或習慣性的動作。?
1)When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我在小的時候,我經常在街道上踢足球。?
2)My father often drove to work last year. 去年,我爸爸經常開車上班。
二、句子結構?
1.在表示某個時間里存在的狀態(tài)的句子,系動詞用過式was,were構成。 如:
(1)I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。?
(2)We were in the gym just now. 剛才我們在體育館。?
2.在表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作,用動詞的過去式構成。 如:I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。
3.各種句式?
(1)一般過去時的肯定陳述句:?
主語 ? ? + ? 動詞過去式 + 賓語或表語。?
He ? worked ? in Shanghai ? ? ten years ago.
(2)一般過去時的否定句:?
a.主語 + didn’t + 動詞原形 ?+ ?賓語。 (did + not = didn't)?
He ? ?didn't ? ? do ? ? morning exercises ? yesterday. b.主語 + wasn’t/weren’t +表語。(was + not = wasn't were + not = weren't)?
He ? wasn't ? ?an ? ?English ? ? teacher ? ten years ago.
(3)一般過去時的一般疑問句:?
a.Did + 主語 + 動詞原形 ?+ ?賓語 ? Did ? ?you ? ?study ? ?English ? ?in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were + 主語 + 表語 ??
Was ? he ? ?a ? ?pupil ? five years ago ?
(4)一般過去時的特殊疑問句:?
a.特殊疑問詞 ? + ?did ? + ? 主語 ? ?+ ?動詞原形 ?+ 賓語? Where ?did ? your parents ? ? live ? five years ago? What ?did ? ?you ? do ? last Sunday?
b.特殊疑問詞 + were/was + 表語? Who ?was ?at the zoo ? yesterday?
三、時間特征?
在一般過去時句子中,通常與下列表示過去的時間狀語連用:yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday(前天), last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago(剛才), just now(剛才), two days ago, a week ago, in 1990,
四、動詞過去式的構成規(guī)律
(一)規(guī)則動詞的過去式?
1.一般情況下,在動詞原形后面加-ed。 ?look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited?
2.以不發(fā)音e結尾的動詞,在詞尾直接加-d。 live→lived use→used?
3.以“輔音字母+ y”結尾的動詞,先將 y 改為i ,再加 –ed。 study→studied, try→tried fly→flied?
4.以重讀閉音節(jié)(即輔音+元音+輔音)或r音節(jié)結尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞,要先雙寫這個輔音字母后,再加 –ed。?
stop→stopped ?plan→planned, prefer→preferred
(二)不規(guī)則動詞的過去式 1.改變動詞中的元音?
begin→began ?drink→drank ?
come→came ?eat→ate grow→grew ?run→ran ?know→knew ?
win→won ?speak→spoke take→took ?write→wrote ?get→got ?
2.變詞尾的–d 為–t ?build→built ?lend→lent ?send→sent ?spend→spent ?bend→bent?
3.與動詞原形一樣 cut→cut ?put→put cost→cost ?hurt→hurt shut→shut?
4.變-ay 為-aid (少數(shù)動詞) say→said ?pay→paid ?lay→laid ?
5.采用不同詞根: sell→sold ?teach→taught ?buy→bought
6.其他 am/is→was,