構(gòu)詞法:

英語構(gòu)詞法主要有:合成法、派生法和轉(zhuǎn)換法。

1、合成法:

如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。

2、派生法:

(1) 派生名詞:①動(dòng)詞+er/or ②動(dòng)詞+ing ③動(dòng)詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge

(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動(dòng)詞+ing/ed ④friendlydangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國(guó)名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, following, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious

(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等。

3、轉(zhuǎn)換法:

(1)形容詞→動(dòng)詞,如:dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干), clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄干凈),等等。

(2)動(dòng)詞→名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。

(3)名詞→動(dòng)詞,如:hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對(duì))等等。

(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。

(5)副詞→連詞,如:when(什么時(shí)候)→(當(dāng)……時(shí)候),等等。

(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在里面;在家),on(在……上)→(進(jìn)行,繼續(xù)),等等。