指示代詞
2007-01-01 00:00
3.9 指示代詞 | ||
? | 1) 指示代詞分單數(shù)(this / that)和復(fù)數(shù)(these / those)兩種形式,既可作限定詞又可做代詞,例如: 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 限定詞:This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. 代詞: This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 2) 指示代詞的句法功能; a. 作主語(yǔ) This is the way to do it. 這事兒就該這樣做。 b. 作賓語(yǔ) I like this better than that. 我喜歡這個(gè)甚至那個(gè)。 c. 作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ) My point is this. 我的觀點(diǎn)就是如此。 d. 作介詞賓語(yǔ) I don't say no to that. 我并未拒絕那個(gè)。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 說(shuō)明1: 指示代詞在作主語(yǔ)時(shí)可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分時(shí)只能指物,不能指人,例如: (對(duì))That is my teacher. 那是我的老師。( that作主語(yǔ),指人) (對(duì))He is going to marry this girl. 他要和這個(gè)姑娘結(jié)婚。(this作限定詞) (錯(cuò))He is going to marry this.?。╰his作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不能指人) (對(duì))I bought this. 我買(mǎi)這個(gè)。(this指物,可作賓語(yǔ)) 說(shuō)明2: That和those可作定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時(shí),在作先行詞時(shí),只有those可指人,試比較: (對(duì)) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。 (對(duì)) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人) (錯(cuò)) He admired that who danced well.?。╰hat作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不能指人) (對(duì)) He admired those who danced well. 他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人) (對(duì)) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物) |