滬江網(wǎng)校蕎麥老師:下面的這些詞匯是NTGF中整理出的筆記要點,能記錄下這些,70%都能填出。大家認真聽過我的課,就能明白,很多都是課上反復強調的規(guī)律,比如排列、否定、比較、變化關系等,這些都是出題的重點。

crime in New York City
rising
dropping
different reasons
what caused it
tipping point
influential
contagious
change
triggers
big---small
impressed
broken windows
sensitive
environmental
invitation
vandalize
symbolises
cares, in charge, watching.
different idea
past 25 years
Conservatives
moral failure, deep, and intrinsic, hearts and souls and brains
Conservative topology,
insensitive to their environment
acutely sensitive
by making subtle changes
encourage and induce
perfect test case
clean up, complete mess
a big disciple
the first thing he does, is he picks up all the litter, the second thing he does is he cleans up the graffiti
jump a turnstile
killing, and robbing, and assaulting, and raping each other
criminality
dramatically
the message

滬江網(wǎng)校高級口譯聽力課程對筆錄填空題十分重視,特別最強調嚴格、正規(guī)的學習步驟,包括以下幾個不可或缺的環(huán)節(jié):

1.?聽錄音:在筆錄題目的階段,要求基本的語音問題必須徹底解決,聽錄音的過程中必須能夠應對弱讀、連讀、音變、口音等情況,把注意力轉向信息,也就是message部分;
2.?選信息:筆錄時必須要學會放棄,只記錄有用的信息。判斷的標準是課堂上反復強調和訓練的那些規(guī)律,加上信息詞、信號詞的提示,選出最重要的信息,留在短時記憶里,比如:重復項目,排列項目,比較項目,變化項目等,不重要的信息迅速放棄;
3.?記筆記:必須利用快寫符號,以最快的速度,用最少的精力寫下一定的內容。
4.?答題目:注意書寫正確
5.?查答案:排除低級錯誤。另外,有些答案是要用原詞的同根詞、派生詞的,這些題目往往就是在查答案的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,或者找到思路的。要運用語法規(guī)則和上下文提示,加上課堂訓練的經(jīng)驗,給出最適合的答案。

下面具體分析10年春季的NTGF部分:

主題的出現(xiàn):
標志性表達,信號詞:Let's talk about,concerned,today,mentioned

中心詞重復:crime
接著很快出現(xiàn)了變化關系,說明問題的發(fā)展情況,rising, and rising, and rising,
突然又出現(xiàn)了對立面:started dropping
然后總結性地提出問題:different reasons. Different 這個詞是100%要記的,不論考到還是沒考到。

下文緊接著:
And I suppose there could be a number of different reasons for it, but I can't really find that anybody really knows exactly for sure what caused it
筆錄時的一個基本判斷:女性比男性重要,壞的比好的重要,否定的比肯定的重要(無形中顯出“女子與小人難養(yǎng)”之意了,不好意思),所以我們只有記下了Exactly,what caused it才覺得安全。

再往后,Crime is such a fundamentally contagious thing, 其中fundamentally語氣重,such預示著后面還會有結果,tipping point,contagious又一次重復。

And there was the kind of C change 既然表示變化,那就要注意了,有高點,有低點,呈現(xiàn)出比較了,big,small也是同樣道理。

標志性表達再次出現(xiàn):I'm very impressed, 重心落在了broken windows theory上面。其實課堂中提到多這類表達,理論提出人取這么個名字,用broken也是別具匠心的,因為這個詞挺扎眼的,后文有重復,我們就記錄之。

下文是對這一理論的介紹和解釋。Invitation和vandalize 放一起,扎眼,記錄下來。當然vandalize 好多同學是忘了或者索性就不認識,情有可原,能感覺出它是個壞詞也有很大幫助了。

no one cares about the car, no one is in charge, no one’s watching是一組排列;
fundamentally different idea about crime than比較項目,重心在broken windows theory和再后面的Conservatives之間。這是個杠桿或者天平的感覺。
25 years 數(shù)字必須記錄;
a criminal is, by definition, in the sort of Conservative topology, someone who is insensitive to their environment, right?? 句中的by definition 表明這是在下定義,做判斷了;insensitive是壞詞,當然預示著后文會有sensitive;兩者考中一個的概率極大;
Well, Kelling came along and said, well, no, no, a criminal is like all of us, someone who is acutely sensitive to what’s going on in the environment and by making subtle changes in the environment you can encourage and induce much more socially responsible behaviour.?
句中acutely sensitive to what’s going on就是回應,而記錄下making subtle changes是我們的經(jīng)驗;

下面一段舉例說明,重點是動作。

Well, in New York we had the perfect test case of that idea, perfect 語氣重。
重點表達都在the first thing he does.....the second thing......and the third thing.當然同時要遵循壞詞優(yōu)先的規(guī)律;
He puts cops
he arrests
where people are killing, and robbing, and assaulting, and raping each other
two kinds of criminality, that the only two kinds of criminality注意重復項目,以及中心詞發(fā)生詞形變換了!
Turnstiles jumping and graffiti, you know, littering and graffiti, but it turns out that those were tipping points.重點是動作,排列的項目;
he subway starts to come around really quite dramatically說明發(fā)生了變化;
all of a sudden everyone gets the message 其中sudden是效果很強的一個詞;
It's not a space that permits this kind of criminal behaviour.重心在criminal上面。

以上內容雖然不能說八九不離十,有了這樣記錄下來的東西,心里至少也不必七上八下了。我們換個角色想想,說話人想要說的重點,以及強調的手段,其實都包括在里面了。

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