1. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century.
這樣一來最終的結(jié)果便是業(yè)余愛好者想在專業(yè)地質(zhì)學(xué)期刊上發(fā)表文章就更難了,廣泛使用的論文評(píng)審?fù)扑]制度又進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了這一結(jié)果。評(píng)審?fù)扑]制度最早被使用于在19世紀(jì)的國(guó)家級(jí)刊物上,后又在20世紀(jì)被幾家地方級(jí)地質(zhì)學(xué)刊物所采用。

2. A rather similar process of differentiation?has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.
一個(gè)頗為類似的分化過程讓全國(guó)的專業(yè)地質(zhì)學(xué)家走到一起,組成了一兩個(gè)專業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)社團(tuán),另一方面,業(yè)余地質(zhì)愛好者們傾向于要么仍留在地方社團(tuán),要么以其他方式組成全國(guó)性機(jī)構(gòu)。

3. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual?errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
遺憾地講,這次新聞機(jī)構(gòu)可信度調(diào)查只得到了一些含金量低的發(fā)現(xiàn),比如新聞報(bào)道中的事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤,拼寫或語法錯(cuò)誤。調(diào)查結(jié)果中還交織著一些令人搔首頓足的問題,譬如讀者到底想讀些什么。

4. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&M wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers' demands.
我認(rèn)為,巨大的并購(gòu)浪潮背后的最重要的推動(dòng)力同時(shí)也促成了全球化的進(jìn)程:即降低交通運(yùn)輸成本,逐漸減少貿(mào)易投資壁壘,以及大幅度拓展市場(chǎng),這些都要求更大的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理規(guī)模,以滿足消費(fèi)者需求。

5. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress promoted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming "I wanted to spend more time with my family."
一次側(cè)面攻擊傷害了我的自尊,阻礙了我事業(yè)的發(fā)展,這個(gè)攻擊并不光明磊落,它讓我不得不拋棄了那份引人注目的工作。盡管,在表面上,我還要以一個(gè)蒙受屈辱的政府部長(zhǎng)的姿態(tài),宣稱"我只不過是想多和家人呆在一起" ,掩蓋我的退出。

6. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of "juggling your life", and making the alternative move into "downshifting" brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.
凱爾西不堪積勞重負(fù),公開地辭去她在《她》雜志社的編輯一職,之后她發(fā)現(xiàn):放棄那種"為生活忙碌"的人生信條,轉(zhuǎn)而追求比較悠閑的生活,這帶給你的回報(bào)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于賺大錢和社會(huì)地位。我也意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。

7. While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline -- after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late '80s - and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle-class down shifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.
在美國(guó),這一返樸趨勢(shì)是因經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰落而開始的——那是在八十年代末期裁員而引起大量的失業(yè)之后一一這種趨勢(shì)還和提倡節(jié)儉的政綱相關(guān);而在英國(guó),最起碼在我所熟識(shí)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)返樸歸隱者中,追求簡(jiǎn)約生活的原因就多種多樣了。

8. For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the '90s, down-shifting in the mid' 90s is not so much a search for the mythical good lift-growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one -- as a personal recognition of your limitations.
對(duì)于我這一代曾在整個(gè)九十年代為生活奔波的女人來說,90年代中期出現(xiàn)的歸隱恬退與其說是尋求一種神話般的美好生活——用有機(jī)肥種植蔬菜,并且冒著放棄一切的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)——不如說是我們清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到了自己能力有限。

9. If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman' s notorious bad taste in ties.
如果你是你講話對(duì)象群體中的一員,那么你就能夠了解你們普遍都有的經(jīng)歷和問題,那么順口評(píng)價(jià)一下餐廳中難以下咽的食物、或是老總總所周知的惡俗領(lǐng)帶品位也并非不合適。

10. There are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy -- far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.
現(xiàn)在已有一些機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)能夠進(jìn)行精確到毫米以下的腦部和骨骼手術(shù)——這要比極具技巧的醫(yī)生單單靠雙手做手術(shù)精確得多。

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