?

【成語來源】?

fail the exam
名落孫山

In the Song Dynasty (宋朝) there was a joker called Sun Shan (孫山).
宋朝有一個(gè)很幽默的人,他叫孫山。

One year he went to take the imperial examination, and came bottom of the list of successful candidates.
有一年他去參加考試,公布名單時(shí)他是最后一名。

Back in his hometown, one of his neighbor asked him whether the neighbor's son had also passed.
回到家,他的鄰居向他打聽自己的兒子考得怎么樣。

Sun Shan said, with a smile:"Sun Shan was the last on the list. Your son came after Sun Shan."
孫山笑著對鄰居說:“孫山考了最后一名,你兒子的名字還在孫山的后面呢?!?/div>

The people used this idiom to indicate failing in an examination or competition.
人們用“名落孫山”來比喻考試沒有考上或者選拔沒有被錄取。

【文化鏈接】

“名落孫山”現(xiàn)在大多指“考試沒有通過”等意思,英語中可以說成“fail the exam”。

在這里要提一個(gè)短語“apple-polish”,近百年前,有些美國小學(xué)生喜歡在老師的桌上放點(diǎn)擦得鮮亮的蘋果,想討好老師,以防自己“名落孫山”,但后來“擦蘋果”(apple-polish)逐漸產(chǎn)生了貶義,表示“討好,拍馬屁,賄賂”的意思,用于諷刺那些諂媚奉承,討好別人的人。而“擦蘋果的人” (apple-polisher)就成了“阿諛逢迎者,馬屁精”。學(xué)習(xí)還是要腳踏實(shí)地的好啊~~~

我們來一起看一個(gè)例句吧~

John is such an apple-polisher.He always agrees with whatever the boss says.
約翰是個(gè)馬屁精,不管老板說什么,他都贊同。