今天的干貨,給大家選取了17組大家在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中經(jīng)常會(huì)混淆的單詞。拿出筆記本,趕緊把這些干貨記下噢!

這些單詞在聽(tīng)力、閱讀、寫(xiě)作、翻譯上都經(jīng)常用到!吃透它?。?/p>

electric/electrical

① electric:電的,用電的,帶電的,指任何電動(dòng)的或發(fā)電的裝置,被修飾的物體本身可帶電。

* electric light 電燈

please connect the two electric wires. 請(qǐng)將這兩根電線接起來(lái)。

② electrical:電的,與電有關(guān)的,電氣科學(xué)的,指與電有關(guān)的事物,被修飾的詞本身不能帶電。

* electrical engineer 電氣工程師

All the electrical work was done by my younger brother.所有的電工活都由弟弟來(lái)干。

confidant/confident

① confidant:知己,心腹之交

He is my confidant.他是我的心腹之交。

② confident:相信的,自信的

I am confident of success.=I am confident that I shall succeed.我相信我會(huì)成功

lie/lay

(1) lie:說(shuō)謊;躺,位于。

①——作“說(shuō)謊”的意思

過(guò)去式,過(guò)去分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞分別是:lied, lied, lying

②——作“躺,位于”的意思

過(guò)去式,過(guò)去分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞分別是:lay, lain, lying

He lay under a tree to sleep. 他躺在樹(shù)下休息。

(2) lay:放,擱;下蛋。過(guò)去式,過(guò)去分詞,現(xiàn)在分詞分別是:laid, laid, laying

The dog laid its ears back. 小狗把耳朵耷拉下來(lái)。

intense/intensive

① intense:high in degree 強(qiáng)烈的,劇烈的,高度的

have intense interest in sth. 對(duì)某事有濃厚興趣

② intensive:deep and thorough 精深的,集中的

intensive training 強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練

affect/effect

① affect (v.):影響

Smoking affects health.抽煙影響健康。

② effect (n.):效果,影響

Government policy will not have any effect on us.政府的政策不會(huì)對(duì)我們有任何影響。

complement/compliment

① complement:補(bǔ)足(物),補(bǔ)全,補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

The team needs players who complement each other.球隊(duì)需要能夠相互取長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短的隊(duì)員。

② compliment:致候,恭維,贊辭

Please give my compliments to your parents.請(qǐng)代我向你的父母問(wèn)好。

conserve/preserve

① conserve (v.):保存,保藏,保護(hù)(強(qiáng)調(diào)節(jié)約)。

In winter, some people conserve energy by lowing the heat at night.冬天,為節(jié)約能源有些人在夜里把暖氣調(diào)小。

② preserve (v.):保護(hù);維持;保養(yǎng);防止(食物)腐敗(強(qiáng)調(diào)使不受破壞)。

The government preserves the rights of the individual person.政府保護(hù)個(gè)人的權(quán)利不受侵犯。

sensitive/sensible

① sensitive:敏感的、感覺(jué)的、易受影響的,tive一般表特性。

a sensitive topic 敏感話題

② sensible:明智的、合乎情理的、通情達(dá)理的、意識(shí)到的、能感覺(jué)到的,able一般表能力。

a sensible young woman 明智的姑娘

sensible of his fault 意識(shí)到他的錯(cuò)誤

accident/incident

①accident:突發(fā)性的,一般為不幸事件,即“事故”。

traffic accident 交通事故

②incident:小的變數(shù)、插曲,小事件,沒(méi)accident那么嚴(yán)重。

an international incident 一次國(guó)際事件

stuff/staff

① stuff:東西、材料、素材

Put that stuff over there. 把材料放在那兒。

② staff:職員

the nursing staff of a hospital 醫(yī)院的護(hù)士們

principal / principle

① principal (adj.):the most important,最重要的

The principal reason for my decision was the money.我做決定時(shí)最看重的就是錢

② principle: a rule 定律、原則(通常用在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域)

It's the first principle of aerodynamics.這是熱力學(xué)第一定律。

resist/persist

① resist:抵制,對(duì)抗

Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良降低了他們抵抗疾病的能力。

② persist:堅(jiān)持,存留

On the tops of very high mountains snow persists throughout the year.高山頂上, 積雪終年不化。

continuous/continual

① continuous:持續(xù)不斷的(可以做表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ))

continuous pain持續(xù)的疼痛(疼痛一直有)

② continual:不停的(中間有間隔的重復(fù),只能做定語(yǔ))

continual improvements in technology技術(shù)上的不斷進(jìn)步(進(jìn)步是間隔性的)

raise/rise

① raise (vt.):舉起,升起,增加,飼養(yǎng)

He raised his voice.他提高了嗓音。

② rise (vi.):升起,上升,起床

The sun rises in the east.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。

considerable/considerate

① considerable:great much 相當(dāng)多(大)的

a considerable income一筆可觀的收入

② considerate:thoughtful 體諒的,體貼的,周到的

It was very considerate of you to send me a birthday card.你給我寄來(lái)生日卡真是太體貼了。

ensure/insure

① insure:保險(xiǎn),給...投保

After signing a contract with a professional baseball team,Jack decided to insure his pitching arm for $1 million.和職業(yè)棒球隊(duì)簽約后,杰克決定為他投球的手臂投保100萬(wàn)美元。

② ensure:確保

Please ensure (that) all lights are switched off.請(qǐng)確保將所有燈都關(guān)掉。

③ 當(dāng)表示"保證"的意思,兩者通用,英國(guó)人愛(ài)用ensure,美國(guó)人愛(ài)用insure。

our precautions ensured/insured our safety預(yù)防措施保證了我們的安全。

economic/economical

① economic主要與“財(cái)政”有關(guān)。

The boy left school for economic reasons.這男孩因經(jīng)濟(jì)原因而綴學(xué)。

② economical 主要與“節(jié)約”有關(guān)。

To rent a house is more economical than to buy one.租房比買房更經(jīng)濟(jì)。