2023年12月英語四級翻譯常考話題預測（3）：中國飲食話題
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2023年12月英語四級翻譯常考話題預測（3）：中國飲食話題
預測一
中國飲食（Chinese cuisine）不但花樣多，而且具有色、香、味、形俱佳的特點。由于中國地域遼闊，各地的物產、氣候和生活習慣不同，因此人們的口味也各不相同。南方人口味清淡，北方人口味較重，四川人喜歡吃辣，山西人喜歡吃酸。這樣，在中國就形成了各具地方風味特色的菜系。其中，魯菜、川菜、淮揚菜和粵菜被稱為中國的四大菜系。到北京的客人，一般都要嘗嘗有名的“北京烤鴨”。北京烤鴨是北京的名菜，最著名的烤鴨店是全聚德。
參考譯文：
Chinese cuisine enjoys a reputation for its color, scent, taste and design, as well as its variety. Due to the vast territory, abundant resources, varied climate and different living habits in China, people from other places have quite different flavors of food. For instance, southerners like light food while northerners are on the opposite. Sichuan people like spicy food, but Shanxi dwellers like sour one. As a consequence, a variety of cuisines unique to certain areas are formed, among which that of Lu, Chuan, Huaiyang and Yue are called the “Grand Four Categories of Chinese Cuisine. Visitors to Beijing will, definitely have a taste of the Beijing roast duck, which is the representative dish of Beijing. The place that offers the most world-renowned Beijing roast duck is the Quanjude Restaurant.
預測二
中國一個幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個民族都有其獨特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風俗和其他因素的影響下經過悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長處。
參考譯文：
China is a time-honored multi-ethnic nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.
預測三
餃子，是一種以面為皮（wrapper)的充餡食物，它是中國北方比較傳統(tǒng)的食物，餃子深受中國漢族人民的喜愛。中國人過春節(jié)和其他節(jié)日，餃子是必不可少的。相傳是我國古代名醫(yī)張仲景發(fā)明的?！帮溩印钡妹脑蚍浅：唵?，“餃子”音同“交子”，是新舊交替之意，因為春節(jié)標志著新的一年的開始，人們選擇吃餃子來表達他們對新年的美好祝愿。盡管時代變了，但是這一傳統(tǒng)卻保留了下來。
參考譯文：
Jiaozi, or dumpling is a kind of food stuffed with filling inside a wheat wrapper. As a quite traditional food in Northern China, it is very popular among Han Chinese. Jiaozi is absolutely necessary when the Chinese people celebrate the Spring Festival and other festivals. It is said that jiaozi was invented by China's famous ancient doctor Zhang Zhongjing. The reason for naming the food “jiaozi” is very simple: “jiaozi” is homophonous to the Chinese phrase “change of year”， which means the transition from the old to the new. As the Spring Festival marks the start of a new year, people choose to eat jiaozi to express their best wishes for the New Year. This tradition has remained unbroken despite the change in times.
預測四
過年吃年糕(New Year cake)是中國人的風俗之一，年糕是過年必備的食品。年糕在我國已有2000多年的歷史了，至今仍受人們的喜愛。它是用米粉 (riceflour)蒸制而成的食品。年糕分南式、北式兩種。南式以廣東、蘇州年糕為最好，其香味純正，口感細膩，不軟不硬。煮時不融，煎時不化。深受人們喜愛。炒年糕是年糕的特色吃法。它有很多種做法，不同的做法用到不同的原料，每一種都美味可口，營養(yǎng)豐富。
參考譯文：
It is one of the Chinese customs to eat New Year's cake during the Spring Festival. New Year cake is an essential food prepared for the Chinese New Year. It has a history of over 2,000 years in China and is still popular nowadays. It is steamed food made of rice flour. There are two kinds of New Year cake: the Southern style and the Northern style. Those made in Guangdong and Suzhou provinces are the best among southern-style New Year cakes， because they are pure in fragrance, delicate in taste, and neither hard nor soft. They do not melt when cooked and fried, so they are warmly welcomed by people. Fried New Year cake is a unique method of eating new Year cakes. It can be cooked in many ways， and different methods require different ingredients, each of which is delicious and nutritious.
預測五
中國菜(cuisine )是中國各地區(qū)、各民族各種菜肴的統(tǒng)稱,也指發(fā)源于中國的烹飪方式。中國菜歷史悠久，派(genre)眾多,主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因氣候、地理、歷史、烹飪技巧和生活方式的差異而風務異。中國菜的調料(seasoning)豐富多樣,調料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中國菜強調香、味俱佳,味是菜肴的靈魂。中國飲食文化博大精深,作為世界三大菜系之一的中國菜,在海內外享有盛譽。
參考譯文：
Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are “Eight Cuisines”. Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques, and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on the perfect combination of color, flavor, and taste, and the soul of the dishes is taste. Chinese cuisine culture is extensive and profound, and Chinese cuisine, one of the Three World Cuisines, enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad.
預測六
中國有句古話，“民以食為天。”可見飲食在中國人生活中的分量。中國地域遼闊，由于各地氣候、物產以及風俗習慣的差異，形成了以魯菜、川菜、粵菜、閩菜、蘇菜、浙菜、徽菜、湘菜為代表的八大菜系。中國菜講究色、香、味，其中尤以味最為重要。中國的菜名五花八門，著名菜肴的名稱背后都有段生動的故事，這為中國飲食文化平添了幾分神秘色彩。
參考譯文：
As an ancient Chinese saying goes"Hunger breeds discontentment." food plays an important role in the daily life of the Chinese people. In the vast land of China, differences exist in climate, local products, and customs of various regions, which has laid the foundation for the formation of the Eight Traditional Chinese Cuisines, with the ones in Shandong, Sichuan, Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan, and Anhui as representative Chinese cuisines set great store by color， smelling and flavor among which the flavor matters the most. There is a mixed assortment of the names of Chinese cuisines. The lively fables hidden in the name of famous cuisines add some mysterious color to the food culture of China.
預測七
月餅是中國人在中秋節(jié)食用的傳統(tǒng)食品，一般呈圓形，寓意團圓幸福，反映了人們對家人團聚的美好愿望。在古代的中秋節(jié)，月餅被用來祭拜月神(Luna)，后來逐漸形成了中秋吃月餅的傳統(tǒng)。月餅通常是烤制而成的,外皮(crust)一般是由面粉制成，里面包進某種餡(stuffing)。月餅內餡多選用植物的種子，對人們的健康有益。現在的月餅品種更加繁多，風味更加豐富，受到我國各地人們的喜愛。如今將月餅作為禮物送給客戶和親朋好友已成為一種習俗。
參考譯文：
Moon cake is a traditional food eaten by the Chinese during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Generally has a round shape, symbolizing reunion and happiness, which reflects people's aspiration of family reunion. In ancient times, moon cake was made to worship the Luna on the Mid-Autumn festival. Later the tradition of eating moon cakes on that day was formed gradually. Moon cake is generally made by baking. The crust is usually made of flour, in which a certain stuffing is filled. In most cases, the seeds of different plants are chosen as their stuffing, which benefits people's health. With more varieties and flavors today, moon cake is liked by people all over the country. Nowadays it is customary to bring moon cakes to clients or relatives as presents.
預測八
面條起源于中國，已有數千年的歷史。傳統(tǒng)的面條由手工制作而成。而隨著科技的發(fā)展，由機器制作的面條逐漸地出現在餐桌上。面條易于消化且營養(yǎng)豐富，并可根據個人口味和地方習慣，采用不同的烹飪方法并輔以各種調料。面條是中國人最喜歡的食物之一，過生日時往往要吃一碗長壽面（the longevity noodles），寓意長命百歲。
參考譯文：
Noodles, originated in China, have a long history for thousands of years. Traditionally, noodles are made by hand. But with the development of technology, machine-made noodles have gradually appeared on dining tables. Noodles are easy to digest and full of nutrition. They can be prepared in different ways and with various seasonings according to individual tastes and local customs. Noodles are one of the favorite foods of the Chinese people, who always eat a bowl of longevity noodles on their birthdays to wish for a long life.
預測九
每年農歷十二月初八是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日臘八節(jié)（the Laba Festival）。在這天我國一些地方有熬制和品嘗臘八粥的習俗。臘八粥由谷物、各種豆類和干果制成，營養(yǎng)豐富。雖然不同地區(qū)臘八粥的用料雖有不同，但主要原料都包括糯米（glutinous rice）、紅豆、花生、紅棗等。人們相信臘八節(jié)喝臘八粥會帶來好運，臘八粥充滿著中國人民對幸福生活的美好期望。
參考譯文：
The Laba Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated on every eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. On this day some places in our country have the custom of cooking and tasting Laba rice porridge. The porridge, which is made of grain and a variety of beans and nuts, is rich in nutrition. Although the materials used in the porridge vary from region to region, the main materials include glutinous rice, red beans, peanuts, red dates and so on. It is believed that having Laba rice porridge at this festival brings good luck, and it is full of Chinese people's good expectations for a happy life.