新東方：1003高口考試閱讀Q&A第二篇文章解析
作者：邱政政
來源：滬江博客
2010-03-14 16:00
For a keynote speaker at a conference on wilderness conservation, Pavan Sukhdev possessed a strange job title: banker. Sukhdev, a high-ranking executive of Deutsche Bank who helped build India's modern financial markets, had a fiscal message to deliver. The loss of forests is costing the global economy between $2.5 trillion and $4.5 trillion a year, he said. Many trillions more in costs arise from the loss of vegetation to filter water, bees to pollinate crops, microbes to break down toxins, and dozens of other "ecosystem services."
本篇文章是非常典型的環(huán)保類專題，這從文章的第一句話wildness conservation就可基本得出。本文開頭從Pavan Sukhdev的演講開始，導出環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的關(guān)系。后面細節(jié)舉例部分都是次要環(huán)節(jié)。
For centuries, economies have risen and collapsed based on the market value of the products extracted from nature—timber, coal, metals, game. And yet the value of much of what nature supplies hasn't been reflected in the numbers. A new movement now seeks to put this right by attaching an economic value to the services nature provides. The idea is predicated on the notion that since a paper mill, say, needs water as well as trees, there should be some kind of economic mechanism whereby it pays to help keep the water flowing. The same is true for dozens of other ecosystem services across a wide range of industries. There's scarcely a business in the world that doesn't rely in some way on natural features that help control flooding, disseminate seeds, fend off pests, and hold soil in place. According to a study Sukhdev is conducting for the United Nations, protecting and restoring damaged ecosystems can deliver extraordinarily high rates of return on investment—40, 50, even 80 percent. "People need to start thinking of 'ecological infrastructure' as something they can and should invest in," Sukdhev said at the conference.
第二段第一句繼續(xù)論證環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展息息相關(guān)。而從第二句的”yet”一詞我們可以預見，后文將出現(xiàn)新信息且為重要信息，即環(huán)境給予我們的供給并沒有被予以足夠的重視。于是后面自然而然出現(xiàn)許多努力要讓公眾認識到環(huán)境的重要性。到本段結(jié)尾，作者一直在對這一觀點進行論述。
It sounds radical even to talk about nature in the language of finance, but it's quickly becoming a mainstream practice. One of the few tangible achievements expected from the climate talks in Copenhagen this month is agreement on a program called REDD, or Reducing Emissions From Deforestation and Forest Degradation, a complex set of regulations that would help developing countries keep their rainforests standing by turning their carbon-storing capacity into a source of income. Trees, after all, absorb carbon dioxide from the air, which can be seen as a service that offsets tailpipe and smokestack emissions. REDD would establish a market in which wealthy countries can pay countries with old-growth forests, such as Brazil, Indonesia, and Guyana, for their carbon stocks, thereby creating an economic incentive to preserve the jungle.
文章的最后一段，作者繼續(xù)深入主題并指出通過經(jīng)濟的形式展現(xiàn)環(huán)境的重要性已成為一種趨勢。其中，作者還特別提到了哥本哈根會議通過的REDD項目，指出這一項目將幫助發(fā)展中國家將利用其雨林方面的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢促進經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。
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本篇文章是非常典型的環(huán)保類專題，這從文章的第一句話wildness conservation就可基本得出。本文開頭從Pavan Sukhdev的演講開始，導出環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的關(guān)系。后面細節(jié)舉例部分都是次要環(huán)節(jié)。
For centuries, economies have risen and collapsed based on the market value of the products extracted from nature—timber, coal, metals, game. And yet the value of much of what nature supplies hasn't been reflected in the numbers. A new movement now seeks to put this right by attaching an economic value to the services nature provides. The idea is predicated on the notion that since a paper mill, say, needs water as well as trees, there should be some kind of economic mechanism whereby it pays to help keep the water flowing. The same is true for dozens of other ecosystem services across a wide range of industries. There's scarcely a business in the world that doesn't rely in some way on natural features that help control flooding, disseminate seeds, fend off pests, and hold soil in place. According to a study Sukhdev is conducting for the United Nations, protecting and restoring damaged ecosystems can deliver extraordinarily high rates of return on investment—40, 50, even 80 percent. "People need to start thinking of 'ecological infrastructure' as something they can and should invest in," Sukdhev said at the conference.
第二段第一句繼續(xù)論證環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展息息相關(guān)。而從第二句的”yet”一詞我們可以預見，后文將出現(xiàn)新信息且為重要信息，即環(huán)境給予我們的供給并沒有被予以足夠的重視。于是后面自然而然出現(xiàn)許多努力要讓公眾認識到環(huán)境的重要性。到本段結(jié)尾，作者一直在對這一觀點進行論述。
It sounds radical even to talk about nature in the language of finance, but it's quickly becoming a mainstream practice. One of the few tangible achievements expected from the climate talks in Copenhagen this month is agreement on a program called REDD, or Reducing Emissions From Deforestation and Forest Degradation, a complex set of regulations that would help developing countries keep their rainforests standing by turning their carbon-storing capacity into a source of income. Trees, after all, absorb carbon dioxide from the air, which can be seen as a service that offsets tailpipe and smokestack emissions. REDD would establish a market in which wealthy countries can pay countries with old-growth forests, such as Brazil, Indonesia, and Guyana, for their carbon stocks, thereby creating an economic incentive to preserve the jungle.
文章的最后一段，作者繼續(xù)深入主題并指出通過經(jīng)濟的形式展現(xiàn)環(huán)境的重要性已成為一種趨勢。其中，作者還特別提到了哥本哈根會議通過的REDD項目，指出這一項目將幫助發(fā)展中國家將利用其雨林方面的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢促進經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。
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