Genetics, along with hormones and upbringing, may play a part in sexuality, according to a study. Researchers claim it is known that there are well-established traits which differ between girls and boys, with, for example, boys more likely to engage in 'rough and tumble' play.

well-established: 根深蒂固的
rough and tumble: (兒童或動(dòng)物一起嬉戲時(shí)的）吵鬧搗蛋行為

Children who later become gay or lesbian are more likely to differ from these expected traits, or gender conformity, said a team from Queen Mary University in London. Between 50 to 80 percent of gender non-conforming boys become gay, and around a third of non-conforming girls become lesbian.

conformity: （對(duì)社會(huì)規(guī)則的）遵從，遵守

Now, doctors Andrea Burri and Qazi Rahman believe that in girls, genes may be partially responsible for gender non-conformity and, by association, sexual orientation. They followed a group of 4000 female twins, asking them about their sexual attractions and gender non-conformity. They discovered genetic influences on sexual orientation (25 percent) and childhood gender nonconformity (31 percent), reports journal PLoS One.

partially :部分地；偏袒地
orientation:定向;定位;方位
PLoS: Public Library of Science的簡(jiǎn)稱

Dr Rahman said: ‘We found that there is a connection between these mental traits and how sexual orientation develops. ‘One idea is that there is an association between these psychological traits and sexual orientation because they all develop under common biological drivers; like the development of brain regions under the influence of genes and sex hormones.

Trait：品質(zhì)特點(diǎn)特質(zhì)
hormone：激素；荷爾蒙

"We think environmental factors and genetics drive other mechanisms, like exposure to sex hormones in the womb, to shape differences in gender nonconformity and sexuality simultaneously."

simultaneously：同時(shí)地
nonconformity：不一致
womb：子宮

Dr Rahman said the results showed non-conforming behaviour came 'from within', and proved that mental health issues such as depression which have been associated with such behaviour was due to negative reactions from others.

negative：負(fù)面的

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