漢譯英

第一篇：本文選自李 源 潮在非洲孔子學(xué)院聯(lián)席會(huì)議開(kāi)幕式上的講話(huà)

高興出席非洲孔子學(xué)院會(huì)議。剛才的開(kāi)場(chǎng)秀充滿(mǎn)了非洲特色，同學(xué)們的表演有點(diǎn)有很多中國(guó)文化元素。大家知道孔子是中國(guó)兩千多年前偉大的思想家，教育家。中華文化有五千多年的歷史，舉世聞名的四大發(fā)明造紙術(shù)指南針火藥印刷術(shù)。推動(dòng)人類(lèi)文明進(jìn)步的偉大。

參考答案：It gives me great pleasure to attend the African Confucian Institute Conference. I must say that the opening show is very African indeed.? I have also noticed elements of Chinese culture in your performance. As we know, Confucius is the great Chinese thinker and educator two thousand years ago. The Chinese culture has more than five thousand years of history and has produced the world-renowned four great inventions of paper making, compass, fire powders and printing technique, all of which have contributed to the progress of human civilization.

剛才的開(kāi)場(chǎng)秀充滿(mǎn)了非洲特色：除去翻譯成feature或者characteristics之類(lèi)的，也可以按照參考譯文中的處理方式，顯得輕松活潑。中華文化有五千多年的歷史，舉世聞名的四大發(fā)明造紙術(shù)指南針火藥印刷術(shù)。推動(dòng)人類(lèi)文明進(jìn)步的偉大。這個(gè)句子可以不切換主語(yǔ)，直接用produce接續(xù)，聽(tīng)起來(lái)比較流暢。

歷史上絲綢之路貫通亞歐。鄭和船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)達(dá)非洲帶去的不僅是精美的絲綢瓷器。更是中國(guó)人民的友誼。改革開(kāi)放三十多年來(lái)。中國(guó)文化在非洲國(guó)家日益受到歡迎,成為加深中非友誼的橋梁。

參考答案：In history, there are silk route that connected Asia with Europe and the expedition fleets led by Zheng He who has visited the African continent. China, besides exporting the exquisites silk and porcelains, also conveyed Chinese people’s good wills. During the three decades of China’s reform and opening-up project, Chinese culture became increasingly popular among African countries and served as a bridge of friendship between China and Africa.

歷史上絲綢之路貫通亞歐。鄭和船隊(duì)遠(yuǎn)達(dá)非洲帶去的不僅是精美的絲綢瓷器。這種句子屬于典型的意會(huì)句，在處理的時(shí)候要注意主語(yǔ)選擇，以免出現(xiàn)搭配失誤。（絲綢之路是不能發(fā)出帶來(lái)這個(gè)動(dòng)作的。）中國(guó)文化在非洲國(guó)家日益受到歡迎,成為加深中非友誼的橋梁。這個(gè)句子同樣存在搭配問(wèn)題，橋梁不能發(fā)出加深這個(gè)動(dòng)作，因此只能簡(jiǎn)化為“友誼之橋?！毕襁@類(lèi)搭配問(wèn)題在漢語(yǔ)當(dāng)中到處都有，需要譯者在日常生活中時(shí)時(shí)思考。

今年中國(guó)公民赴非旅游超過(guò)一百五十萬(wàn)人次。多部中國(guó)電視劇在非洲國(guó)家播出。近年來(lái)非洲赴華留學(xué)生人數(shù)年均增長(zhǎng)百分之三十以上。不少非洲歌手登上中國(guó)電視舞臺(tái)，有多位非洲足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)到中國(guó)踢球。中非文化因交流而多彩,文化因互鑒而豐富。

參考答案：This year, the number of Chinese tourists bound for African has exceeded 1.5 million people/time. Several Chinese TV series are on the air in African countries. The African students studying in China is increasing at an annual rate of 30%. Many African singers perform in Chinese TV programs and African soccer players compete in Chinese soccer leagues. Thanks to exchanges and mutual learning, the Chinese and African culture become rich and colorful.

多部中國(guó)電視劇在非洲國(guó)家播出。這類(lèi)內(nèi)容一般都有專(zhuān)門(mén)說(shuō)法，需要有意識(shí)地積累。

不少非洲歌手登上中國(guó)電視舞臺(tái)，有多位非洲足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)到中國(guó)踢球。這句話(huà)當(dāng)中登上中國(guó)電視舞臺(tái)，來(lái)到中國(guó)踢球，都不能直譯。因?yàn)殡娨暸_(tái)不一定是在真正的舞臺(tái)上表演，來(lái)中國(guó)踢球也不是隨便踢踢，而是加入職業(yè)聯(lián)賽。因此在翻譯時(shí)都要斟酌以后再行處理。

中非文化因交流而多彩,文化因互鑒而豐富。這類(lèi)看似上下聯(lián)對(duì)仗的句子，實(shí)際上很可能是一句話(huà)，參考譯文中的處理很值得借鑒。

再看一例：

中餐烹調(diào)所用的天然原料，品種繁多，幾無(wú)窮盡，烹調(diào)方法亦層出不窮，不可悉數(shù)。

這個(gè)句子里有四個(gè)四字詞，如果一一翻譯，勢(shì)必令譯者詞窮，即便能夠翻譯出來(lái)，聽(tīng)眾聽(tīng)來(lái)也會(huì)覺(jué)得繁瑣冗余。如果進(jìn)行合并，效果就會(huì)好很多：The Chinese cuisine is known for its incredibly rich choices of natural ingredients and numerous ways of treating them.

孔子學(xué)院是中外文化交流互鑒的重要平臺(tái)。學(xué)院以孔子命名。這體現(xiàn)鮮明的中國(guó)特色, 也體現(xiàn)出加強(qiáng)中外文化交流的良好愿望，非洲地區(qū)的孔子學(xué)院發(fā)展迅速。2005年第一家孔子學(xué)院落戶(hù)肯尼亞以來(lái)，已在三十二個(gè)非洲國(guó)家建成三十八所孔子學(xué)院和十個(gè)孔子課堂。

參考答案：Confucius Institutes are an important platform for exchanges between Chinese and foreign cultures. Named after Confucius, these institutes not only symbolize the distinctive Chinese culture, but also carry the good wishes of enhancing cultural exchanges and people-to-people friendship.? Confucius institute develops rapidly in Africa. In 2005, the first institute was inaugurated in Kenya. Since then, 38 institute and 10 Confucius Classrooms were established in 32 African countries.

2005年第一家孔子學(xué)院落戶(hù)肯尼亞以來(lái),這個(gè)句子可以從中一分為二，有利用譯者控制局面，落戶(hù)肯尼亞was inaugurated in Kenya.

孔子學(xué)院既是海外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)，也是向世界介紹中國(guó)的重要平臺(tái)，除了漢語(yǔ)孔子學(xué)院也向當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窠榻B中國(guó)文化歷史思想風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。學(xué)院的漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)基于三個(gè)原則，有用處，有意思，有文化。

參考答案：Besides working as an organization teaching Chinese overseas, Confucius institute is also an important window to showcase China to the outside world. In addition to teaching Chinese language, it also introduces the local people knowledge on China’s culture, history, thoughts and customs. The school follows the three principles in its language education of being useful, interesting and helpful.

孔子學(xué)院既是海外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)，也是向世界介紹中國(guó)的重要平臺(tái).由于前面用了platform,這里換作window,介紹一詞也變成了showcasing。