過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的辨析
?一、 概念和表示的含義
過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到對(duì)于過去來說的將來某一時(shí)間,動(dòng)作是否繼續(xù)下去,由上下文決定。
過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)有三種:
肯定形式should/would have been + v-ing構(gòu)成;
否定形式should/would+not have been + v-ing;
疑問形式是將should/would提前
而過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Past Perfect Progressive)相對(duì)過去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻來說已經(jīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)在有直接影響并且還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。放在間接引語或虛擬語氣中時(shí)它的時(shí)態(tài)不能再向前推,向后推是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。其結(jié)構(gòu)形式如下:
had+been +動(dòng)詞-ing
二、 結(jié)構(gòu)形式總是讓人摸不著頭腦,所以接下來還是舉個(gè)例子來真是感受一下。
過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài):
He said he would have been living in this thriving city for 13 years by the next year”
他說,到下一年,他就在這個(gè)欣欣向榮的城市生活了13年之久了。
表示的是過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí),它所表示的是生活在這里的這一動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始已經(jīng)持續(xù)了很久,但是是否會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去,則要結(jié)合上下文來分析。
而過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài):
She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.
她在考試之前一直患重感冒。
關(guān)于過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)還有以下幾點(diǎn)特別含義需要童鞋們?cè)趯?shí)際運(yùn)用中加以關(guān)注:
1. 尚未完成:
He had been editing the his book.(他沒有完成編輯書本)
2. 企圖:
He had been studying the theories of this architecture.(他一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)建筑的建設(shè)原理)
3、未得結(jié)果:
We had been studying what our enemy had said.(但我們不能理解)
3. 最近情況:
He had been quarrelling with his wife.(近來)
4. 反復(fù)動(dòng)作:
He had been asking me the same question.(多次,常常)
5. 情緒:
What had he been doing?(不耐煩)