句法 syntax  詞法 morphology  結(jié)構(gòu) structure  層次 rank  句子 sentence  從句 clause  詞組 phrase  詞類 part of speech  單詞 word

實(shí)詞 notional word  虛詞 structural word  單純?cè)~simple word  派生詞derivative 復(fù)合詞compound  詞性part of speech  名詞 noun

專有名詞 proper noun  普通名詞 common noun  可數(shù)名詞 countable noun  不可數(shù)名詞 uncountable noun  抽象名詞 abstract noun

具體名詞 concrete noun  物質(zhì)名詞 material noun  集體名詞 collective noun  個(gè)體名詞 individual noun  介詞 preposition  連詞 conjunction

動(dòng)詞 verb  主動(dòng)詞 main verb  及物動(dòng)詞 transitive verb  不及物動(dòng)詞 intransitive verb  系動(dòng)詞 link verb  助動(dòng)詞 auxiliary verb  情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 modal verb

規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 regular verb  不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 irregular verb  短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 phrasal verb  限定動(dòng)詞 finite verb  非限定動(dòng)詞 infinite verb  使役動(dòng)詞 causative verb

感官動(dòng)詞 verb of senses  動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞 event verb  靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞 state verb  感嘆詞 exclamation  形容詞 adjective  副詞 adverb  方式副詞 adverb of manner

程度副詞 adverb of degree  時(shí)間副詞 adverb of time  地點(diǎn)副詞 adverb of place  修飾性副詞 adjunct  連接性副詞 conjunct  疑問副詞interrogatives adverb

關(guān)系副詞 relative adverb  代詞 pronoun  人稱代詞 personal pronoun  物主代詞 possessive pronoun  反身代詞 reflexive pronoun

相互代詞 reciprocal pronoun  指示代詞 demonstrative pronoun  疑問代詞 interrogative pronoun  關(guān)系代詞 relative pronoun  不定代詞 indefinite pronoun

物主代詞 possessive pronoun  名詞性物主代詞 nominal possessive pronoun  形容詞性物主代詞 adjectival possessive pronoun  冠詞 article

定冠詞 definite article  不定冠詞 indefinite article  數(shù)詞 numeral  基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral  序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral  分?jǐn)?shù)詞 fractional numeral

形式 form  單數(shù)形式 singular form  復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form  限定動(dòng)詞 finite verb form  非限定動(dòng)詞 non-finite verb form  原形 base form  從句 clause

從屬句 subordinate clause  并列句 coordinate clause  名詞從句 nominal clause  定語(yǔ)從句 attributive clause  狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause

賓語(yǔ)從句 object clause  主語(yǔ)從句 subject clause  同位語(yǔ)從句 appositive clause  時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of time  地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of place

方式狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of manner  讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of concession  原因狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of cause

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of result  目的狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of purpose  條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of condition

真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of real condition  非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 adverbial clause of unreal condition  含蓄條件句 adverbial clause of implied condition

錯(cuò)綜條件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition  句子 sentence  簡(jiǎn)單句 simple sentence  并列句 compound sentence  復(fù)合句 complex sentence

并列復(fù)合句 compound complex sentence  陳述句 declarative sentence  疑問句 interrogative sentence  一般疑問句 general question

特殊疑問句 special question  選擇疑問句 alternative question  附加疑問句 tag question  反義疑問句 disjunctive question  修辭疑問句 rhetorical question

感嘆疑問句 exclamatory question  存在句 existential sentence  肯定句 positive sentence  基本句型 basic sentence pattern  否定句 negative sentence

祈使句 imperative sentence  省略句 elliptical sentence  感嘆句 exclamatory sentence  句子成分 members of sentences  主語(yǔ) subject  謂語(yǔ) predicate

賓語(yǔ) object  雙賓語(yǔ) dual object  直接賓語(yǔ) direct object  間接賓語(yǔ) indirect object  復(fù)合賓語(yǔ) complex object  同源賓語(yǔ) cognate object  補(bǔ)語(yǔ) complement

主補(bǔ) subject complement  賓補(bǔ) object complement  表語(yǔ) predicative  定語(yǔ) attribute  同位語(yǔ) appositive  狀語(yǔ) adverbial  句法關(guān)系 syntactic relationship

并列 coordinate  從屬 subordination  修飾 modification  前置修飾 pre-modification  后置修飾 post-modification  限制 restriction

雙重限制 double-restriction  非限制 non-restriction  數(shù) number  單數(shù)形式 singular form  復(fù)數(shù)形式 plural form  規(guī)則形式 regular form

不規(guī)則形式 irregular form  格 case  普通格 common case  所有格 possessive case  主格 nominative case  賓格 objective case  性 gender

陽(yáng)性 masculine  陰性 feminine  通性 common  中性 neuter  人稱 person  第一人稱 first person  第二人稱 second person  第三人稱 third person

時(shí)態(tài) tense  過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) past future tense  過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) past future continuous tense  過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) past future perfect tense

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) present simple tense  一般過(guò)去時(shí) past simple tense  一般將來(lái)時(shí) future simple tense  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) past perfect tense

過(guò)去完成時(shí) present perfect tense  將來(lái)完成時(shí) future perfect tense  現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) present continuous tense  過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) past continuous tense

將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) future continuous tense  過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) past future continuous tense  現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) present perfect continuous tense

過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) past perfect continuous tense  語(yǔ)態(tài) voice  主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) active voice 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) passive voice  語(yǔ)氣 mood  陳述語(yǔ)氣 indicative mood

祈使語(yǔ)氣 imperative mood  虛擬語(yǔ)氣 subjunctive mood  否定 negation  否定范圍 scope of negation  全部否定 full negation  局部否定 partial negation

轉(zhuǎn)移否定 shift of negation  語(yǔ)序 order  自然語(yǔ)序 natural order  倒裝語(yǔ)序 inversion  全部倒裝 full inversion  部分倒裝 partial inversion

直接引語(yǔ) direct speech  間接引語(yǔ) indirect speech  自由直接引語(yǔ) free direct speech  自由間接引語(yǔ) free indirect speech  一致 agreement

主謂一致 subject-predicate agreement  語(yǔ)法一致 grammatical agreement  概念一致 notional agreement  就近原則 principle of proximity  強(qiáng)調(diào) emphasis

重復(fù) repetition  語(yǔ)音 pronunciation 語(yǔ)調(diào) tone  升調(diào) rising tone  降調(diào) falling tone  降升調(diào) falling-rising tone  文體 style  正式文體 formal

非正式文體 informal  口語(yǔ) spoken/oral English  套語(yǔ) formulistic expression  英國(guó)英語(yǔ) British English  美國(guó)英語(yǔ) American English  用法 usage

感情色彩 emotional coloring  褒義 commendatory  貶義 derogatory 幽默 humorous  諷刺 sarcastic  挖苦 ironic

awkward笨拙的,就是拗口,讀起來(lái)不順,也可以理解為不符合語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣

wordy嘮叨的,不簡(jiǎn)潔;應(yīng)該是重復(fù)使用相同意思的單詞

redundant多余的

run-on sentence: A sentence that has two or more main clauses without connecting words such as “and”, “but” or correct punctuation such as comma or semicolon.兩個(gè)完整句子之間沒有連詞(and, or ...)連接。卻用了逗號(hào)等表示句子沒有結(jié)束的符號(hào)。

sentence fragment: 句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。常見的是只有主語(yǔ),沒有謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。

dangling modifier: 修飾對(duì)象不明。常說(shuō)分詞短語(yǔ)的。