【讀書筆記】《沉思錄》卷五05
?
?本書簡介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達(dá)觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷五05
5.9?Reason and the reasoning art (philosophy) are powers which are sufficient for themselves and for their own works. They move then from a first principle which is their own, and they make their way to the end which is proposed to them; and this is the reason why such acts are named catorthoseis?or right acts, which word signifies that they proceed by the right road.
?Notes：
catorthoseis 詞典中似乎沒有這個詞，不過不妨礙我們理解其意思，就是“right acts”。
5.9?None of these things ought to be called a man's, which do not belong to a man, as man. They are not required of a man, nor does man's nature promise them, nor are they the means of man's nature attaining its end. Neither then does the end of man lie in these things, nor yet that which aids to the accomplishment of this end, and that which aids towards this end is that which is good. Besides, if any of these things did belong to man, it would not be right for a man to despise them and to set himself against them; nor would a man be worthy of praise who showed that he did not want these things, nor would he who stinted himself in any of them be good, if indeed these things were good. But now the more of these things a man deprives himself of, or of other things like them, or even when he is deprived of any of them, the more patiently he endures the loss, just in the same degree he is a better man.
?Notes：
despise [v]~ somebody/something (not used in the progressive tenses):?to dislike and have no respect for somebody/something
近義詞辨析：
These words all mean to have a strong feeling of dislike for somebody/something.
hate to have a strong feeling of dislike for somebody/something. Although hate is generally a very strong verb, it is also commonly used in spoken or informal English to talk about people or things that you dislike in a less important way, for example a particular type of food: He hates violence in any form. ◇ I've always hated cabbage.
dislike (rather formal) to not like somebody/something. Dislike is a rather formal word; it is less formal, and more usual, to say that you don't like somebody/something, especially in spoken English: I don't like it when you phone me so late at night.
can't stand (rather informal) used to emphasize that you really do not like somebody/something: I can't stand his brother. ◇ She couldn't stand being kept waiting.
despise to dislike and have no respect for somebody/something: He despised himself for being so cowardly.
can't bear used to say that you dislike something so much that you cannot accept or deal with it: I can't bear having cats in the house.
can't stand or can't bear?
In many cases you can use either word, but can't bear is slightly stronger and slightly more formal than can't stand.
stint?[n]~(as something) a period of time that you spend working somewhere or doing a particular activity.
?先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：
中文翻譯：
5.9?理智和推理藝術(shù)（哲學(xué)）對于它們自身和自身的工作是一種自足的力量。它們是從一個屬于它們自己的第一原則起動的，它們開辟它們的道路直到那規(guī)定給它們的終點；這就是為什么這種活動被稱為正確活動的原因，這個詞表示它們是沿著正確的道路行進(jìn)的。
5.10?這些事物決不應(yīng)當(dāng)被稱為是一個人的東西，它們不屬于一個作為人的人。它們不需要人，人的本性也不允諾產(chǎn)生它們，它們也不是人的本性達(dá)到其目的的手段。因而人的目的并不在這些事物之中，那有助于達(dá)到這一目的的東西也不在這些事物之中，幫助對準(zhǔn)這一目的的東西就是那好的東西。此外，如果這些事情中有什么確屬于人，一個人輕視和反對它們就是不對的，那表現(xiàn)出他不想要這些事情的人也就不值得贊揚，如果這些事物的確是好的，那么不介入它們的人也就不是好的。但是現(xiàn)在，一個人使自己喪失這些事物或類似事物愈多，甚至他被剝奪這些事物，他倒愈能耐心地忍受這損失，并在同樣的程度上是一個更好的人。