聽(tīng)力素材:CCTV點(diǎn)評(píng)真維斯冠名清華教學(xué)樓 (雙語(yǔ)視頻)
作者:夏天涼
來(lái)源:CNTV
2011-09-14 06:00
Donation and sponsorship is a common form of fundraising at many universities across the world. Buildings proudly displaying the name of a sponsor are just a common sight on US campuses. And it's starting to become less of a rarity at China's top educational institutions, including Tsinghua.
對(duì)于世界各地的許多大學(xué)而言,捐贈(zèng)和贊助是一種普遍的資金籌集方式。建筑物榮譽(yù)冠以資助者的名字在美國(guó)校園中是一道普遍的風(fēng)景。在包括清華在內(nèi)的中國(guó)頂尖教育機(jī)構(gòu)中,這種現(xiàn)象逐漸增加。
Like many other colleges in China, Tsinghua raises funds from its donors. According to its education foundation, the university is now soliciting hundreds of millions of yuan in gifts. And donors who give above a certain amount will now be able to name 14 campus buildings.
像中國(guó)的其他許多大學(xué)一樣,清華從捐贈(zèng)者手中獲得資金。根據(jù)其教育基金會(huì),清華大學(xué)如今通過(guò)征集獲贈(zèng)數(shù)億人民幣。其中捐贈(zèng)超過(guò)一定數(shù)額的捐贈(zèng)者將可以冠名14座校園建筑。
Large scale donations from alumni, businesses and organizations are already common in many other countries. Over half of American Universities rely on donated inheritances, stocks, properties or cash, just to stay open. Consequently, many campus buildings, or even universities themselves are named after a high profile donor. Harvard university was named after John Harvard, a Puritan minister who left his books and half of his estate to the college.
來(lái)自與校友、商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)和組織團(tuán)體的大數(shù)額的捐贈(zèng)在許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)非常普遍。超過(guò)一半的美國(guó)大學(xué)依靠捐贈(zèng)的遺產(chǎn)、股票、房產(chǎn)或者現(xiàn)金來(lái)維持學(xué)校運(yùn)行。因此,許多校園建筑甚至大學(xué)自身就是以某一個(gè)高調(diào)的捐贈(zèng)者而命名的。哈佛大學(xué)就得名于約翰?哈佛,一個(gè)將他的所有書(shū)籍和半數(shù)財(cái)產(chǎn)都留給學(xué)校的清教徒牧師。
But it's rare to find business-branded buildings in these countries. Most colleges have strict rules and standards for choosing donors. The more prestigious, the more preferable. Colleges often say no to those who donate solely for commercial publicity, as it may affect the independence and traditions of the college. Cambridge University in the UK is reported to have once refused a gift of 300 million pounds from British American Tobacco. The historic seat of learning apparently didn't want to be associated with an industry known for harming people's health.
但是在這些國(guó)家,以商業(yè)品牌冠名的建筑非常罕見(jiàn)。很多學(xué)校對(duì)于捐助者的選擇有嚴(yán)格的要求和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。越是有名望的學(xué)校,選擇偏向性越大。大學(xué)經(jīng)常對(duì)那些只是出于商業(yè)宣傳目的而進(jìn)行捐贈(zèng)的人予以拒絕,因?yàn)檫@可能影響大學(xué)的獨(dú)立性和傳統(tǒng)。據(jù)報(bào)道,英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)就曾拒絕了一筆來(lái)自于英美煙草的3億英鎊的捐贈(zèng)。這座歷史學(xué)府顯然不想和一個(gè)廣泛熟知的危害人類(lèi)健康的行業(yè)產(chǎn)生關(guān)聯(lián)。
But it seems that Tsinghua university has chosen not to follow this principle. The top education institution is under pressure, after naming one of its buildings Jeanswest, a clothing brand. The move has outraged over 80% of respondents to an Internet poll. Many say it's turned the campus into a commercial billboard. And there's skepticism over why the building has been named now, since it was built over 20 years ago. A transparent report is now being called for, into how much Tsinghua receives in donations and how the money is spent.
但似乎清華大學(xué)選擇不遵循這一原則。在把學(xué)校建筑物之一冠名為真維斯,一個(gè)服裝品牌后,清華大學(xué)現(xiàn)在面臨巨大壓力。在一份網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意調(diào)查上,這一舉動(dòng)招致了80%的反對(duì)。許多人說(shuō),這一行為將校園變成了一個(gè)商業(yè)廣告牌。并且對(duì)于這幢建設(shè)于20多年前的建筑為什么現(xiàn)在被命名存在廣泛質(zhì)疑。現(xiàn)在大家要求出具一份透明的報(bào)告,以顯示清華接受了多少捐助以及這些資金是被如何使用的。
As one of China's top Universities, Tsinghua receives a 1.8 billion yuan government budget each year. It also receives large funding for scientific research, and owns several top ranking IT companies.
作為中國(guó)的頂尖大學(xué)之一,清華每年享有政府財(cái)政撥款18億。它還接受數(shù)額巨大的科研經(jīng)費(fèi),并擁有若干家一流IT公司。
The head of the University insists the funding income is not enough to continue improving its facilities, and the quality of its education.
清華校長(zhǎng)強(qiáng)調(diào),這些資金不足以持續(xù)改善學(xué)校設(shè)備和教學(xué)質(zhì)量。