Listening Strategies
關(guān)于聽(tīng)力的小技巧

Once you have begun to listen on a regular basis, you might still be frustrated by your limited understanding. Here are a few courses of action you can take:
一旦你開(kāi)始定期聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)，你可能仍會(huì)為自己局限的理解水平而感到沮喪。這里有一些你可以采納的小技巧：

Accept the fact that you are not going to understand everything.
接受你并不能聽(tīng)懂所有內(nèi)容這個(gè)事實(shí)。

Stay relaxed when you do not understand -- even if you continue to have trouble understanding for a while.
當(dāng)你聽(tīng)不懂的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)保持輕松的心態(tài)——即使你暫時(shí)在理解上仍有困難。

Do not translate into your native language.
不要把所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容翻譯成你的母語(yǔ)。

Listen for the gist (or general idea) of the conversation. Don't concentrate on detail until you have understood the main idea(s).
聽(tīng)對(duì)話的要點(diǎn)（或大體主旨）。在你了解對(duì)話大意之前，不要把注意力集中在細(xì)節(jié)上。

First, translating creates a barrier between the listener and the speaker. Second, most people repeat themselves constantly.
首先，翻譯制造了聽(tīng)者和說(shuō)話者之間的障礙。第二，大多數(shù)人會(huì)不斷地自我復(fù)述。

By remaining calm, you can usually understand what the speaker had said.
通過(guò)保持冷靜，你通?？梢岳斫庹f(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話。

Translating Creates a Barrier Between Yourself and the Person Who Is Speaking
翻譯制造了你和說(shuō)話的人之間的障礙。

While you are listening to another person speaking a foreign language (English in this case), the temptation is to immediately translate into your native language.
當(dāng)你在聽(tīng)另一個(gè)說(shuō)外語(yǔ)的人（在這種情況下是英語(yǔ)）時(shí)，大多人都會(huì)受到“誘惑”：即傾向于把所聽(tīng)到的話，立刻轉(zhuǎn)化成你的母語(yǔ)。

This temptation becomes much stronger when you hear a word you don't understand. This is only natural as we want to understand everything that is said. However, when you translate into your native language, you are taking the focus of your attention away from the speaker and concentrating on the translation process taking place in your brain.
當(dāng)你聽(tīng)到一個(gè)聽(tīng)不懂的詞時(shí)，這種誘惑會(huì)變得更加強(qiáng)烈。這是很自然的，因?yàn)槲覀兿胍斫庹f(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的一切。然而，當(dāng)你把聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容翻譯成母語(yǔ)時(shí)，你把注意力集中在腦海中的翻譯過(guò)程，而不是說(shuō)話者的身上。

This would be fine if you could put the speaker on hold. In real life, however, the person continues talking while you translate. This situation obviously leads to less -- not more -- understanding. Translation leads to a mind block in your brain, which sometimes doesn't allow you to understand anything at all.Most People Repeat Themselves
如果你能讓說(shuō)話人暫停一下，那就太好了。然而，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，當(dāng)你翻譯時(shí)，這個(gè)人會(huì)繼續(xù)說(shuō)話。顯然，這種情況會(huì)讓你聽(tīng)懂的更少，而不會(huì)是更多。因?yàn)榉g導(dǎo)致大腦中產(chǎn)生思維障礙，有時(shí)它根本無(wú)法讓你理解任何事。大多數(shù)人會(huì)不斷自我復(fù)述。

Think for a moment about your friends, family, and colleagues. When they speak in your native tongue, do they repeat themselves? If they are like most people, they probably do. That means that whenever you listen to someone speaking, it is very likely that they will repeat the information, giving you a second, third or even fourth chance to understand what has been said.
想一下你的朋友、家人和同事。當(dāng)他們用母語(yǔ)說(shuō)話時(shí)，他們會(huì)重復(fù)講一遍嗎？如果他們像大多數(shù)人一樣，他們可能會(huì)這樣做。這意味著無(wú)論何時(shí)你聽(tīng)別人講話，他們很可能會(huì)重復(fù)這些信息，給你第二次、第三次甚至第四次機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)理解所說(shuō)的話。

By remaining calm, allowing yourself to not understand, and not translating while listening, your brain is free to concentrate on the most important thing: understanding English in English.
通過(guò)保持冷靜，允許自己有不理解的地方，而不是在聽(tīng)的同時(shí)翻譯，你的大腦可以自由地集中在最重要的事情上：用英語(yǔ)理解英語(yǔ)。

Probably the greatest advantage of using the Internet to improve your listening skills is that you can choose what you would like to listen to and how many and times you would like to listen to it. By listening to something you enjoy, you are also likely to know a lot more of the vocabulary required.
也許，使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來(lái)提高聽(tīng)力技能的最大優(yōu)勢(shì)是，你可以選擇你想聽(tīng)的內(nèi)容以及你想聽(tīng)的次數(shù)和時(shí)間。通過(guò)聽(tīng)你喜歡的內(nèi)容，你就可能知道更多需要的詞匯。

Use Key Words
抓住關(guān)鍵詞

Use keywords or key phrases to help you understand the general ideas. If you understand "New York", "business trip", "last year" you can assume that the person is speaking about a business trip to New York last year. This may seem obvious to you, but remember that understanding the main idea will help you to understand the detail as the person continues to speak.
利用關(guān)鍵字或關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)來(lái)幫助你理解主旨大意。如果你聽(tīng)懂了“紐約”、“商務(wù)之旅”、“去年”這些詞，你就可以假設(shè)，說(shuō)話人說(shuō)的是去年去紐約的商務(wù)旅行。這似乎對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是顯而易見(jiàn)的，但是記住，理解主旨大意在說(shuō)話人繼續(xù)說(shuō)話的時(shí)候，可以幫助你理解細(xì)節(jié)。

Listen for Context
聆聽(tīng)上下文語(yǔ)境

Let's imagine that your English speaking friend says "I bought this great tuner at JR's. It was really cheap and now I can finally listen to National Public Radio broadcasts." You don't understand what a tuner is, and if you focus on the word tuner you might become frustrated.
讓我們想象一下，你講英語(yǔ)的朋友說(shuō)：“我在JR上買(mǎi)了這個(gè)很棒的調(diào)諧器。它真的很便宜，現(xiàn)在我終于可以收聽(tīng)國(guó)家廣播之聲的廣播了?！蹦悴幻靼渍{(diào)諧器是什么，如果你一心關(guān)注調(diào)諧器這個(gè)詞，你可能會(huì)感到沮喪。

However, if you think in context, you probably will begin to understand. For example; bought is the past of buy, listen is no problem and radio is obvious. Now you understand: He bought something -- the tuner -- to listen to the radio. A tuner must be a kind of radio. This is a simple example but it demonstrates what you need to focus on: Not the word that you don't understand, but the words you do understand.
然而，如果你在上下文中思考，你就開(kāi)始明白了。比如，“買(mǎi)”是過(guò)去買(mǎi)的，“聽(tīng)”是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的，“收音機(jī)”是顯而易見(jiàn)的?，F(xiàn)在你明白了：他買(mǎi)了一些東西——調(diào)諧器——收聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。調(diào)諧器一定是一種收音機(jī)。這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的例子，但它說(shuō)明了你需要關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)：不是你不理解的詞，而是你真正理解的單詞。

Listening often is the most important way to improve your listening skills. Enjoy the listening possibilities offered by the Internet and remember to relax.
經(jīng)常聽(tīng)聽(tīng)力是提高聽(tīng)力技能最重要的方法。享受互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供的可選擇的聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容，并記得放松。