At some point in your career, you’re going to need to leave work early. After all, employees are human beings with obligations that can’t always be controlled or delegated to weekends and non-working hours. In most cases, a reasonable supervisor will understand, and grant, a request to leave work early or to come in late, provided your excuse is legitimate, important, or urgent. It’s typically not a big deal.
在你的職業(yè)生涯某些時刻，你總會有早退的需要。畢竟，員工們都是難免遇到在周末和非工作時間無法控制或處理的事情的人們。在大多數(shù)的情況下，通情達理的主管都能理解，并且通過員工早退或推遲上班，前提是你的理由是合理，重要或緊急的。通常來說早退都不會是一件很大的事兒。

That being said, there are definitely factors that can help or hurt your chances of being able to get out of work early. Organizational culture, your relationship with your supervisor, and your work history in terms of attendance and punctuality will all impact how an early departure will be perceived by your employer. For example, some employers expect workers to report early and stay late in the office to prove their dedication, while others encourage employees to maintain their well-being and keep a healthy work-life balance.
那就意味著，有一些因素會幫助或損害你早退的申請。公司的文化，你與主管的關(guān)系，以及你的工作經(jīng)歷當中的考勤與準時率都會影響雇主對你早退的看法。例如，有些雇主希望員工們盡早匯報工作然后在公司呆到很晚以此證明對工作的忠誠度，不過也有些雇主鼓勵員工們保持良好的身體狀況以及平衡健康的工作與生活。

In general, employees who are viewed by supervisors and colleagues as dedicated are more likely to be treated favorably in the workplace and, in some cases, get special privileges. Company policy may provide for excused absences for part of the work day.
通常來說，被公認是敬業(yè)奉獻的員工們通常在職場當中都能受到友好的對待，并且在某些情況下，還能得到特權(quán)。公司的政策也許會為員工提供工作日因故離崗的機會。

However, employees who skip work, arrive late, or leave early without a solid reason will likely have trouble getting their requests approved.
不過，無故曠工，遲到或早退的員工們通常都很難被允許早退。

Here’s a guide to how to leave work early without your request impacting your standing as an employee.
以下的指南，將會指導你在不損害員工身份的情況下提出早退的申請。

Good Excuses for Leaving Work Early
早退的好理由

Although there are both legitimate and illegitimate excuses to leave work early, remember that your employer’s response will likely depend more on your standing as an employee than on the reason you provide.
雖然早退既有合理也有不合理的理由，但是請記住你的雇主的回應將很可能更著重于你作為員工的身份而不是你的理由。

The more often you attempt to leave early, the more difficult it will be to do so without criticism, whether or not your reasons are valid. Ultimately, you should be honest about why you want or need to leave early. Although it depends on your company’s culture, as long as you are in good standing and your supervisor is a rational, empathetic person, he or she will understand the situation and grant a request to leave early every now and then.
當你早退的申請次數(shù)越多，你就很難在不受批評的情況下離開，不管你的理由是否合理?？偟膩碚f，你應該坦誠地說明你為什么想要或需要早退。盡管這取決于你所在公司的文化，但只要你的聲譽良好，而你的主管也是一個理性、懂得體恤下屬的人的話，他/她會理解你的處境，有時候會賦予你早退的權(quán)利。

Here are commonly accepted reasons to leave work early:
下面這些早退理由通常都能被主管接受：

Religious obligations or community-related work, such as volunteering at an event offered by a local non-profit community organization (especially if your organization encourages volunteerism).
宗教義務(wù)或社區(qū)相關(guān)的工作，比如參加由當?shù)胤怯鐓^(qū)機構(gòu)舉辦的志愿者活動（如果你的公司鼓勵員工參與志愿者活動就不必擔心了）。

Business networking activities, including participating in a local chamber of commerce meetings, or attending industry events or conventions (particularly if networking with potential business partners is valued by your employer).
商務(wù)聯(lián)絡(luò)活動，包括參與當?shù)厣虝幕顒?，或者參與行業(yè)會議或定期大會（尤其在你的雇主非常重視潛在商業(yè)伙伴的情況下）。

Client-related obligations, such as traveling to a client assignment that will take place early the next day, or going on an outing with an important client.
與客戶相關(guān)的職務(wù)，比如出差簽訂一份明天一早就要確定的客戶合約，或者參與一次與重要客戶的出游。

Professional development pursuits, such as attending a workshop or leaving early for a class or to work on a group project for a course which your supervisor has encouraged you to take.
參與職業(yè)發(fā)展相關(guān)的培訓，比如參加工作坊或早退參與一門課程，或參加主管鼓勵的為團隊項目而設(shè)的課程。

Productivity-related requests, including taking your work to a nearby coffee shop or library to focus, or leaving early (when work is complete) after staying in the office very late the night before.
與工作效率相關(guān)的請求，比如把你的工作拿到附近的咖啡店或圖書館去集中精力完成，或者前一晚在辦公室?guī)У缴钜沟那疤嵯绿嵩缦掳啵üぷ饕呀?jīng)完成了）。

Employment-related activities, such as a job interview if you have been notified of a future layoff at your current employer.
與招聘相關(guān)的活動，比如，你的雇主告知你公司將會裁員，你需要參加求職面試。

Family obligations, including sudden illness, accident or death, or if you need to pick up a child early if their school has closed early or if they are sick. (In some workplaces, you may also be able to leave early to take your child (or pet) to the doctor (or veterinarian). Only you can judge your supervisor’s flexibility and understanding.)
家庭的義務(wù)，例如突發(fā)的疾病，意外或死亡，或者如果你的孩子的學校很早關(guān)門，你要很早去接他們放學，或者他們生病了，你要去照顧。（在某些職場環(huán)境，你還可能提早下班去接你的孩子或?qū)櫸锶タ瘁t(yī)生。一切都取決于你的主管是否是一位靈活度大和通情達理的人。）

Personal reasons: Illness, for example, or a condition such as severe cramps, migraine, allergic reaction, or a dental emergency such a root canal or a toothache. Doctor’s appointments or medical tests can also be valid reasons to leave the office before closing time, though in general you should aim to schedule these outside of business hours if possible. (If you do need to leave work early for a medical appointment, it may be beneficial to note that you attempted to schedule the appointment before or after work, or during your lunch hour, but no appointments were available.)
私人理由：例如，生病了，或者特殊的情況如嚴重痙攣，偏頭痛，過敏，或牙齒的緊急狀況如牙根發(fā)炎或牙疼。醫(yī)生們的預約或醫(yī)療檢查也能成為你提早下班的合理理由，雖然通常來說你要在可行的時間段里才能安排這些預約。（如果你確實因為醫(yī)療診治提早下班，你注意到了上班前或下班后，或午餐時間安排這些預約是沒有辦法的，那么提出早退申請是很有效的。）

Urgent or important home and finance issues, including a meeting with a mortgage counselor, attending the closing for the purchase of a new home, emergency problems at your home such as a burst pipe, fire or break-in, or the delivery of furniture, appliances or some other item that requires a signature and must take place during business hours.
緊急或重要的家庭和財政事務(wù)，包括與抵押貸款顧問見面，出席新居購買的收盤環(huán)節(jié)，家里的突發(fā)狀況，比如水管破裂，火災或小偷入屋偷盜，或家具，電器或其他需要在上班時間簽收的配送物品。

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