一、現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示其動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前完成。
1.Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.
做完作業(yè)后，這個(gè)小女孩開始看電視。
2.Having lived in Beijing for many years, Carter knew the city well.
因?yàn)樵诒本┳×硕嗄辏ㄌ貙?duì)這個(gè)城市很熟悉。被動(dòng)式

二、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式表示其邏輯主語為現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。
A.現(xiàn)在分詞的一般被動(dòng)式。如:
1.The building being built is our library.
正在建的那棟樓是我們的圖書館。
2.The question being discussed is of great importance.
正在討論的問題非常重要。
B.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式。如:
1.Having been warned by the teacher, the students didn't make such mistakes.
老師警告他們之后，學(xué)生們不再犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。
2.Having been told many times , he still did not know how to do it.
(人家)已經(jīng)告訴他多少次了，他還是不知道怎么做。

三、現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式通常表示其動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如:
1.She sat there reading a novel.
她坐在那里看小說。
2.A little child learning to walk often falls.
學(xué)走路的小孩常常跌跤。
現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作有時(shí)在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。如:
Going into the room，he shut the door.
走進(jìn)房間，他就關(guān)上了門。