一、分詞在句子中作狀語，可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。
分詞（短語）作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語應(yīng)與句中主語相一致。當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前時(shí), 則用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式；當(dāng)所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 則用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式。完成或被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過去分詞。

二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語應(yīng)該與句子的主語一致，但有時(shí)現(xiàn)在分詞的主語與其所在句中的主語并不一致，這種現(xiàn)在分詞即所謂的垂懸現(xiàn)在分詞。垂懸現(xiàn)在分詞容易使句意模糊，甚至造成歧義，因而通常被認(rèn)為是不合規(guī)范或錯(cuò)誤的用法。
1.Searching along the deck，it had taken him some time to find a doctor.
他沿著甲板找了好久才找到一名醫(yī)生。(searching的邏輯主語是句中的him)
2.Walking or sleeping，this subject was always in my mind.
不論是走路或睡覺，我總是在想著這個(gè)問題。(walking or sleeping的邏輯主語是句中的my)
3.Traveling is interesting but tiring.
旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲勞
4.The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.
如果讓學(xué)生學(xué)得太多，他們會(huì)感到糊涂的。
5.The argument is very convincing.
他的論點(diǎn)很令人信服。
6.They were very excited at the news.
聽到這個(gè)消息，他們非常激動(dòng)。

三、現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while，when, once, although, until, if等連詞。
1.When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us.
2.While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……
3.Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
4.Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam.
5.If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.