生命
Life

何為
He Wei

| 譯文摘自張培基《英譯中國(guó)散文選二》

如果回歸自然，各有不同的方式，后人總是尊重前人最后一次選擇。一位朋友偶然講起一件事，有如一篇小小說(shuō)，聽(tīng)者動(dòng)容。
There are various ways of returning to nature, but people generally respect the last wish made by their parents towards their journey’s end. A friend of mine incidentally related to me the following occurrence which, like a little story, is very touching:

要點(diǎn)：
1，“前人最后一次選擇”譯者按”父母的臨終愿望“之意譯為the last wish made by their parents towards their journey’s end，其中one’s journey’s end意為“臨終，生命的盡頭”也可譯為the last wish made by their parents towards the end of their life journey
2, “一位朋友偶然講起一件事”譯為A friend of mine incidentally related to me the following occurrence，其中relate 意為“講述”其同義詞有recount，recourse, speak of，occurrence指“發(fā)生的事情”比thing更加高端啊有木有~
3，“聽(tīng)者動(dòng)容“即”令聽(tīng)者動(dòng)容“或”令人動(dòng)容“=touching

在新開(kāi)發(fā)的叢林里，一條蜿蜒的小徑上，一個(gè)衣著素色的女人踽踽獨(dú)行，徑直走向林子里的一棵樹(shù)。這里許多樹(shù)大小參差不一，有的移植不久，不過(guò)都長(zhǎng)得很快。在一個(gè)時(shí)期內(nèi)，都挺直有神。新生的樹(shù)葉嫩綠有生機(jī)。當(dāng)然，有人專(zhuān)門(mén)護(hù)理這些紀(jì)念樹(shù)。
In a newly opened-up forest, a quietly dressed woman walked all by herself on a winding path straight towards one of the trees. There were many trees of varying sizes, and some had just been transplanted, but all were shooting up fast, standing straight and stout and covered with light green young leaves. Evidently, some people had been put in charge of these memorial trees.

要點(diǎn)：

1，“在新開(kāi)發(fā)的叢林里，一條蜿蜒的小徑上，一個(gè)衣著素色的女人踽踽獨(dú)行，徑直走向林子里的一棵樹(shù)?！氨揪潆m然是四個(gè)散句，表達(dá)的卻是一連串的動(dòng)作，因此可以調(diào)整順序后將其整合為” 一個(gè)衣著素色的女人獨(dú)自沿著蜿蜒的小徑走向一棵樹(shù)“譯為In a newly opened-up forest, a quietly dressed woman walked all by herself on a winding path straight towards one of the trees.
2，“衣著素色的“譯為a quietly dressed，此處的quiet意指”顏色素凈，不顯眼“；”踽踽獨(dú)行“即”獨(dú)自行走“=walked all by herself
3，shoot up意為“上冒，噴出，猛長(zhǎng)“=spring up,更加生動(dòng)形象地表現(xiàn)出樹(shù)木那富有生機(jī)的生長(zhǎng)狀態(tài)~是一個(gè)值得借鑒的好詞，
4，“有人專(zhuān)門(mén)護(hù)理這些紀(jì)念樹(shù)“譯為some people had been put in charge of these memorial trees。此處”專(zhuān)門(mén)護(hù)理“宜理解為”專(zhuān)門(mén)負(fù)責(zé)照顧這些樹(shù)“，也可譯為some person had been specially assigned to take good care of the memorial trees

綜述：類(lèi)似于shoot up這種生動(dòng)形象的詞我們之前也見(jiàn)過(guò)不少，比如put forth, sprout up/out~

不知多少年來(lái)，這個(gè)女人總是帶著一束鮮花默默地置于樹(shù)根旁，然后仰起頭來(lái)，對(duì)著樹(shù)身凝視，翕動(dòng)著她獨(dú)有的小小嘴唇，既像獨(dú)語(yǔ)，又像傾訴。她退后一步，打量她這樹(shù)高了多少，細(xì)心地除去樹(shù)下斑斑駁駁的落葉，向這顆移植多年的樹(shù)傾身?yè)肀?，親了一下，輕輕摩挲樹(shù)皮的皺紋，如同面對(duì)一個(gè)有生命的軀體。不久，她依依不舍的轉(zhuǎn)身離去，消失在暮色漸濃的秋天最后一抹余暉里。
As she had been doing for we don’t know how many years, the woman stood silently beside the tree with a bunch of fresh flowers in her hand. She raised her head to fix her eyes on the tree and kept moving her unique small lips as if she were soliloquizing or sharing her innermost feelings with someone. She took a step back to assess how much the tree had grown in height and softly removed the mottled fallen leaves under it. She bent forward to hug and kiss the tree that had been transplanted many years before, and gently stroked its wrinkled bark as if it were something alive. Then she reluctantly turned round and left, vanishing into the last rays of an autumn day in the deepening dusk.

要點(diǎn)：
1，“不知多少年來(lái)“譯為As she had been doing for we don’t know how many years,其中we don’t know how是插入語(yǔ)，用以表達(dá)原文的”不知“此從句也可譯為”她這樣做已經(jīng)許多年了“即As had always been the case for many years或as she had been doing this for many years~在《我坐了木船》中也有類(lèi)似表述——“跑了不知多少趟，總算有眉目了”譯為After making you don't know how many visits, there eventually appear signs of positive outcome.其中的you don’t know how也是插入語(yǔ)，修飾many。
2，“翕動(dòng)“即”不斷地張合“故譯kept moving
3，“依依不舍“一般都用reluctant來(lái)翻，如It the time to go back. We were fascinated by the scenery and reluctant to leave.該返回了，我們被這景色深深吸引住了，不愿離去。

綜述：本段有很多文學(xué)性較強(qiáng)的詞如“獨(dú)語(yǔ)“”傾訴“”斑斑駁駁的“摩挲”“ 翕動(dòng)”都是我們需要積累的哦~還是那句話(huà)：文學(xué)性很重要的一個(gè)體現(xiàn)就是在選詞用詞上~

一陣秋風(fēng)吹過(guò)，樹(shù)葉沙沙地響動(dòng)，仿佛隱秘的私語(yǔ)。女人頓時(shí)回過(guò)身來(lái)，惟有她才能聽(tīng)懂私語(yǔ)的全部含意。于是喃喃自語(yǔ)向大樹(shù)告訴。含著淚，走向她的歸途。年復(fù)一年，小徑上的女人孤獨(dú)的背影，顯得越來(lái)越蒼老了。

At a sudden gust of the autumn wind, the tree rustled like it was whispering secretly and the woman, being the only person capable of understanding the full implications of the whisper, immediately turned round. Then, after mumbling a few words to the tree, she said goodbye to it and set out on her way home with tears in her eyes.As the years went by, the woman, a regular solitary visitor on the path, became older and older.

要點(diǎn)：
1，”一陣秋風(fēng)吹過(guò)“即”秋風(fēng)起“或”起了一陣秋風(fēng)“，故譯At a sudden gust of the autumn wind，其中at的含義是”由于“”作為對(duì)…的反應(yīng)“
2，“樹(shù)葉沙沙地響動(dòng)，仿佛隱秘的私語(yǔ)“譯為the tree rustled like it was whispering secretly and the woman.”沙沙地響動(dòng)“=rustle,簡(jiǎn)潔生動(dòng)~擬聲詞在文學(xué)翻譯中的作用也是應(yīng)該引起重視的~
3，“.惟有她才能聽(tīng)懂私語(yǔ)的全部含意“其實(shí)隱含了”因?yàn)椤斑@層關(guān)系，因此譯為being the only person capable of understanding the full implications of the whisper
4，“小徑上的女人孤獨(dú)的背影，顯得越來(lái)越蒼老了“如果直接譯為”背影變得蒼老“會(huì)引起外國(guó)讀者的困惑，因此可以按照”常見(jiàn)于小徑上的那個(gè)孤獨(dú)女人，顯得越來(lái)越蒼老了“，譯為the woman, a regular solitary visitor on the path, became older and older.

綜述：介詞，擬聲詞，顯示了譯者扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法功底和語(yǔ)言功底，惟有不斷積累和運(yùn)用才能成就的事業(yè)~

若干年后，這棵樹(shù)長(zhǎng)得更高大了，樹(shù)冠綴滿(mǎn)蔥蘢的樹(shù)葉。它屹立在這片土地上，風(fēng)吹來(lái)，滿(mǎn)樹(shù)充滿(mǎn)生命的綠色更繁茂了。它對(duì)著蒼穹，仰望太陽(yáng)、月亮和星星的運(yùn)行，與大自然親密無(wú)間連成一片。
Several years later, the tree became even taller and was crowned with verdant foliage. It stood erect and became more and more luxuriantly green in the wind. It looked up at the firmament to watch the motions of the sun, moon and stars and thus merged itself with Mother Nature.

要點(diǎn)：
1，“風(fēng)吹來(lái)“也是采用介詞+名詞的形式譯為in the wind，置于句中，凸顯句式的簡(jiǎn)潔~
2,”綴滿(mǎn)“=be crowed with=be filled with，crowed 較filled更加生動(dòng)
3，“與…連成一片”=merge oneself with

又過(guò)了些時(shí)候，靠近大樹(shù)旁出現(xiàn)了一棵新移植的小樹(shù)。小樹(shù)很壯碩，也很安靜。隨著歲月遞增，年長(zhǎng)日久，大樹(shù)和小樹(shù)埋在泥土下的根莖錯(cuò)節(jié)，相互交織。兩棵樹(shù)下各埋著一個(gè)精致的小木盒，木盒里的骨灰，逐漸化為樹(shù)根下的有機(jī)肥，融入樹(shù)身內(nèi)。兩個(gè)老者相繼以這樣的方式回歸自然，在大自然的懷抱中，生命得以延續(xù)。樹(shù)上每一片小綠葉都蘊(yùn)含著綠色的希望。這是真的，是一首歌頌樹(shù)葬的詩(shī)篇。不用問(wèn)他們是誰(shuí)，是誰(shuí)，就是誰(shuí)。
Another period of time afterwards, there appeared close to it a newly transplanted small tree. It was robust and quiet. With the passage of time, the roots of the two trees had become twined together. They each had a delicate small wooden cinerary casket buried underneath them. The ashes in the caskets had gradually turned into organic fertilizer passing into the trees trunks by way of the roots. The two elderly persons had successively chosen the same way of returning to nature so as to have life prolonged in the bosom of nature. Each tender leaf in the trees was pregnant with green hope.?It’s a true story. It’s a poem singing the praises of tree burial. No need to identify the two elderly people though. It could be any person.

要點(diǎn)：

1，“根莖錯(cuò)節(jié)，相互交織”即“樹(shù)根相互盤(pán)繞”即the roots of the two trees had become twined together.
2,” 兩棵樹(shù)下各埋著一個(gè)精致的小木盒”譯為T(mén)hey each had a delicate small wooden cinerary casket buried underneath them. have done表被動(dòng)~
3，“木盒里的骨灰，逐漸化為樹(shù)根下的有機(jī)肥，融入樹(shù)身內(nèi)”即“木盒里的骨灰，逐漸化為有機(jī)肥，，通過(guò)樹(shù)根，進(jìn)入樹(shù)身”譯為T(mén)he ashes in the caskets had gradually turned into organic fertilizer passing into the trees trunks by way of the way of 已經(jīng)粗線(xiàn)好多次了意同于through
4，“是誰(shuí)，就是誰(shuí)”即“可能是任何一個(gè)人”，譯為It could be any person

綜述：注意本段中式散句的翻譯，有些句子直譯會(huì)引起困惑，需要譯者把握及整合其具體意思而后進(jìn)行翻譯~本篇文章短小而有有味道，文字清新且富有詩(shī)意，無(wú)論是賞析還是拿來(lái)做練習(xí)都是一種享受~

?聲明:本雙語(yǔ)文章的中文評(píng)析系滬江英語(yǔ)原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容,轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文評(píng)析僅代表作者個(gè)人觀(guān)點(diǎn)，如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。