書的抒情
Eulogizing Books

柯靈
Ke Ling

| 譯文摘自張培基《英譯中國散文選二》

說到書，我很動(dòng)感情。因?yàn)樗o我?guī)頊嘏?，我?duì)它滿懷感激。
I always think of books with profound feeling, being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me.

要點(diǎn)：
1，題目“書的抒情“在此不宜直譯，通過文章內(nèi)容，我們可以將其理解為”書贊“譯為Eulogizing Books或A Eulogy on Books,簡譯為On Bookes也是可以的，但缺乏感情色彩，不及前者貼切~
2，“說到書，我很動(dòng)感情”即“我對(duì)書有很深的感情”，故譯為I always think of books with profound feeling
3，“因?yàn)樗o我?guī)頊嘏?，我?duì)它滿懷感激。“譯為being deeply indebted to them, as I am, for the warmth they have brought me。英漢差異的原因，英語中表示原因的句子通常后置（如果不是表特殊強(qiáng)調(diào)的話~），這點(diǎn)在英譯漢時(shí)尤為凸顯

綜述：柯靈的散文一項(xiàng)講究文字的優(yōu)美洗臉，他的文章在文字上非常講究，這點(diǎn)在文章的題目上就可以就看出，因此我們?cè)诜g時(shí)，在選詞和理解上要尤為注意

書是我的恩師。貧窮剝奪了我童年的幸福，把我關(guān)在學(xué)校大門的外面，是書本敞開它寬厚的胸脯，接納了我，給我以慷慨的哺育。沒有書，就沒有我的今天?！苍S我早就委身于溝壑。
Books are my beloved teachers. In my childhood, when I was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty, books took me to their large bosoms and nurtured me generously. It is to them that I owe what I am today. Without them, I would probably have ended up in abject misery long ago.

要點(diǎn)：
1，”貧窮剝奪了我童年的幸福，把我關(guān)在學(xué)校大門的外面，是書本敞開它寬厚的胸脯，接納了我，給我以慷慨的哺育”注意本句在合譯時(shí)，，將“貧窮剝奪了我童年的幸福，把我關(guān)在學(xué)校大門的外面”譯為時(shí)間狀語從句，取“書本”作主語，這種譯法很巧妙地將分句意思串聯(lián)在了一起，也值得我們學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒
2，“剝奪了我童年的幸福，把我關(guān)在學(xué)校大門的外面”譯者將其視為一個(gè)意思，即“剝奪了我童年的幸福和受教育的機(jī)會(huì)”，進(jìn)行合譯，譯為was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty
3，“溝壑”本指“溪谷”山溝，常引申指“野死之處”，因此本句意為“死無葬身之處”，譯為would probably have ended up in abject misery，意思是“結(jié)局悲慘”

綜述：可以借鑒本段的合譯技巧~句中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間狀語，可將時(shí)間狀語單獨(dú)拿出來獨(dú)立作一分句~

書是我的良友。它給我一把金鑰匙，誘導(dǎo)我打開淺短的視界、愚昧的頭腦、閉塞的心靈，它從不吝惜對(duì)我?guī)椭?/strong>
Books are my good friends. They have offered me a golden key to broadening my horizons and ridding myself of stupidity and ignorance. They spare no efforts to help me.

要點(diǎn)：
1， 注意本段詞語搭配問題，中文可以說“打開視界，頭腦，心靈”但譯為英語就要分別找其對(duì)應(yīng)的搭配了~分別為“開拓視野”以及“使我擺脫愚昧和物質(zhì)”，分別譯broad horizon, rid sb of sth

書是我青春期的戀人，中年的知己，暮年的伴侶，有了它，我就不再愁寂寞，不再怕人情冷暖，世態(tài)炎涼。它使我成為精神世界的富翁。我真的是”不可一日無此君”。當(dāng)我忙完了，累極了；當(dāng)我憤怒時(shí)，苦惱時(shí)，我就想親近它，因?yàn)檫@是一種絕妙的安撫。
Books are my sweethearts in my youth, my bosom friends in my middle age, and my companions in m y declining years. Accompanied by books, I never feel lonely, nor fear social snobbery or fickleness of the world. They have made a rich man of me in the inner world. I cannot do without them even for a single day. When I feel tired out after finishing my work, or when I am in a bad mood, I’ll try to get close to books for comfort ----the best way for me to find spiritual consolation.

要點(diǎn)：
1， make A of B,即“使B成為A”，之前的文章中也見過~
2， inner world 即“內(nèi)心世界”，“ 人情冷暖”即social snobbery or fickleness of the world
這些都是文學(xué)翻譯很常見的詞~

綜述：本段是很出名的一段，譯文流暢自然，可以記下來哦

我真愿意成為十足的“書迷”和“書癡”，可惜還不夠條件。
Oh, if only I were a confirmed bibliomaniac or bookworm! But, unfortunately, I’m still not fully qualified for one yet!

要點(diǎn)：
1， 本句表達(dá)了一種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，故使用了虛擬語氣，oh是添加成分，用以加重語氣

不知道誰是監(jiān)獄的始作俑者。剝奪自由，誠然是人世最酷虐的刑法，但如果允許囚人有讀書的權(quán)利，那還不算是自由的徹底喪失；我對(duì)此有慘痛的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
I don’t know who was the despicable originator of the prison. Deprivation of freedom is the most savage punishment on earth for sure, but, as I’ve learned from my own personal bitter experience, if prisoners are permitted the right to read they should not be regarded as totally devoid of freedom.

要點(diǎn)：
1，“監(jiān)獄的始作俑者”意即“可鄙的監(jiān)獄創(chuàng)始人”，故譯為the despicable originator of the prison
2， for sure即“誠然，毫無疑問”
3， devoid of即“缺乏，沒有”，同義詞還有l(wèi)ack of

對(duì)書的焚毀和禁錮，是最大的愚蠢，十足的野蠻，可怕的歷史倒退。當(dāng)然書本里也有敗類，那是瘟疫之神，死亡天使，當(dāng)與世人共棄之。
Burning or banning books is the height of folly and barbarity, signifying a most horrible retrogression in history.Of course there is also some rubbish among books to be avoided like the plague or Death by all.

要點(diǎn)：
1，“最大的愚蠢，十足的野蠻”譯為is the height of folly and barbarity，等于is an act of the greatest folly and barbarity
2,” 那是瘟疫之神，死亡天使，當(dāng)與世人共棄之”合譯時(shí)，可按“他們就像瘟疫或死亡天使，人皆避之”，譯為be avoided like the plague or Death by all.

作家把自己寫的書，送給親友，獻(xiàn)與讀者，是最大的愉快。如果他的書引起共鳴，得到贊美，那就是對(duì)他最好的酬謝。在寧靜的環(huán)境，悠閑的心情中靜靜地讀書，是人生中最有味的享受。在“四人幫”覆亡的前夜，我曾經(jīng)避開海洋般的冷漠與白眼，每天到龍華公園讀書，擁有自己獨(dú)立蒼茫的世界這是我一個(gè)終生難忘的經(jīng)歷。書本是太陽、空氣、雨露。我不能設(shè)想，沒有書的世界是什么樣的世界。
It is the greatest pleasure for a writer to present to his friends gift copies of a book authored by himself or to have it offered to the reading public. And he will feel richly rewarded if his books arouses public interest and earns wide acclaim.It is the greatest joy of life for one to spend his leisure time reading in quiet surroundings. On the eve of the fall of the “Gang of Four”, I used to go to Longhua Park every day for a reading session, seeking shelter from a sea of frosty looks and hostile stares in a world of my own. That will forever remain an unforgettable experience of my life.Books are sunlight and air, rain and dew. I can’t imagine what would become of the world without books.

要點(diǎn)：
1，“…是最好的酬謝”或“…是人生最有味的享受”均采取了it作形式主語的句式，將重心移到了句子的尾部，這也是我們處理“事實(shí)+評(píng)論”的句子時(shí)最常使用的手法，如”西方列強(qiáng)發(fā)現(xiàn)使中國接受不平等條約是輕而易舉的“譯為The western power found it was easy to force China to accept the unequal treaty.
2,”海洋般的“譯為a sea of ,此處of 理解為同位語關(guān)系，比如an angle of a child(一個(gè)天使般的孩子)
3，“每天到龍華公園讀書“譯為used to go to Longhua Park every day for a reading session，其中session（本意為”階段，環(huán)節(jié)“在此處表示”從事某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的一段時(shí)間“，這種譯法跳出了常規(guī)，顯得別具一格~

綜述：本文風(fēng)格明快，博識(shí)典雅，而譯者在翻譯過程中對(duì)于原文透徹的理解和對(duì)于風(fēng)格的把握，值得我們借鑒和學(xué)習(xí)

聲明:本雙語文章的中文評(píng)析系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容,轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文評(píng)析僅代表作者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。