在英語中,副詞用于修飾形容詞以及副詞。程度副詞,顧名思義,就是對(duì)一個(gè)形容詞或副詞在程度上加以限定或者修飾的副詞,告訴讀者某事發(fā)生的頻率高低。在英語中許許多多的程度副詞,讓我們看幾個(gè)例子。(以程度副詞的頻率從高到低排序)

always - He always does his homework.
他總是寫作業(yè)。

usually - They usually complete the work on time.
他們通常及時(shí)完成工作。

often - I often watch movies online.
我經(jīng)常在線看電影。

sometimes - Jack sometimes comes over for dinner.
杰克有時(shí)候會(huì)過來吃晚餐。

occasionally - She occasionally asks a question.
她偶爾問問題。

rarely - They rarely have any homework.
他們很少有作業(yè)。

never - I never complain at work.
我從不抱怨工作。

學(xué)習(xí)了幾個(gè)程度副詞,那么問題來了。程度副詞在句子里的位置是怎么樣的呢?這需要我們分情況討論。

1.如果句子里有謂語動(dòng)詞(不包含助動(dòng)詞),則把程度副詞放在主謂之間

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+程度副詞+謂語動(dòng)詞

Tom usually goes to work by car.
湯姆通常開車去上班。

Mary often asks me for help.
瑪麗經(jīng)常向我求助。

2.放在be動(dòng)詞之后

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be+程度副詞

Tom is often late.
湯姆經(jīng)常遲到。

Anne isn't usually sick.
安妮通常不會(huì)生病。

Peter isn't always right.
彼特并非永遠(yuǎn)正確。

注意:如果我們把程度副詞放在省略句中,則該結(jié)構(gòu)不成立。

Is she usually on time?
她通常都準(zhǔn)時(shí)嗎?

Yes, she usually is.
是的,她通常都是。

She never is.
她從不是。

口語中還有其他的習(xí)慣表達(dá),也不必要遵循上述結(jié)構(gòu)。

What are you doing here? Shouldn't you be at school?
你怎么在這兒?你不應(yīng)該在學(xué)校嗎?

I normally am at school at this time, but my teacher is ill.
通常這時(shí)候我應(yīng)該在學(xué)校,但是老師生病了。

3.如果句中有多個(gè)動(dòng)詞(包含助動(dòng)詞),則把程度副詞放在謂語結(jié)構(gòu)的第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之后

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+程度副詞+主動(dòng)詞

I can never remember his name.
我總是記不住他的名字。

Anne doesn't usually smoke.
安妮通常不吸煙

The children have often complained about the playground facilities.
孩子們經(jīng)常抱怨游樂場(chǎng)設(shè)施。

但在have to句型中存在例外。

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+程度副詞+have to+主動(dòng)詞

We often have to wait for the bus.
我們經(jīng)常要等公車。

She never has to do any housework.
她從不需要做家務(wù)。

4.省略句中可以把程度副詞放在句首或句末(但通常較少放在句末)

結(jié)構(gòu)1:程度副詞+主語+主動(dòng)詞

Sometimes we go to school by bus.
有時(shí)我們乘公交車去上學(xué)。

Often he waits for her after class.
他經(jīng)常在課后等她。

Usually Peter arrives early for work.
通常彼特很早來上班。

結(jié)構(gòu)2:主語+主動(dòng)詞+程度副詞

We go to school by bus sometimes.
有時(shí)我們乘公交車去上學(xué)。

They like to watch TV often.
他們經(jīng)常喜歡看電視。

注意:always不能用于句首或句尾;never, seldom, rarely不用于句尾,且用于句首時(shí)常用于表達(dá)看法或觀點(diǎn)。

Never has there been a better time to overcome our differences.
不會(huì)再有比這個(gè)更好的時(shí)機(jī)來克服我們的不同。

Rarely do we have an opportunity like this.
我們很少會(huì)遇到這樣一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。

5.在問句中,把程度副詞放在主動(dòng)詞前

結(jié)構(gòu):助動(dòng)詞+主語+程度副詞+主動(dòng)詞

Do you often go to the cinema?
你經(jīng)常去電影院?jiǎn)幔?/div>

Did he sometimes leave the classroom?
他有時(shí)會(huì)離開教室嗎?

注意:never, seldom, rarely等帶有否定意思的程度副詞通常少用于問句。

6.在否定句中,把程度副詞放在主動(dòng)詞前

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+助動(dòng)詞+程度副詞+主動(dòng)詞

They don't often go to the cinema.
他們不常去電影院。

Peter doesn't normally want to come with us.
彼特通常不想來找我們。

注意:never, seldom, rarely等帶有否定意思的程度副詞通常沒有否定形式。

聲明:本文系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容,轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。