Akita

汪星人秘史：12種狗狗的名字和來源（下）

As their breed names often attest, dogs are a truly international bunch. Named for their places of origin and sometimes even their original breeders, breed names offer a fascinating look into how we relate to man’s best friend. Let’s take a look at 12 different breeds and the backstories that their names have to offer.
由他們的品種名來看，狗狗是一種真正的國際化動物。它們的名稱起源于它們的出生地，有時也來源于它們的飼養(yǎng)員。從品種名稱便能看出來，我們與這些人類最好的朋友是有著怎樣緊密的關(guān)系。讓我們來看看12種不同品種的狗狗和它們的名稱背后的故事。

Akita
秋田犬

This Japanese breed is named for the prefecture in the north-west of Honshu, where they are thought to have originated. Sometimes these dogs are known as Akita inu (literally ‘Akita dog’ in English). Also popular is the Shiba inu, most famous for being the face of the doge meme.
這種日本狗狗的名稱源于本州島的西北部地區(qū)，據(jù)說那兒是他們的起源地。有時這些狗也叫Akita inu（照字面意思看是“秋田犬”的英文寫法）。同樣受歡迎的還有日本柴犬，以doge meme表情包最為有名。

Corgi

Corgi
威爾士矮腳狗

The dog of choice for Queen Elizabeth II, who has owned several corgis, the corgi originates in Wales. In Welsh, the name means ‘dwarf-dog’, from cor ‘dwarf’ and gi ‘dog’.
女王伊麗莎白二世也養(yǎng)過好幾條這種狗，威爾士矮腳狗起源于威爾士。在威爾士，這個名字的意思是“矮小的狗”，由cor（“矮小”的意思）加上gi（“狗”的意思）組成。

Dachshund

Dachshund
臘腸犬

Lop off the hund(German for dog), and you end up with dachs, which is German for badger – what these dogs were originally trained to hunt. You might also know these dogs as wiener dogs, a reference to their long, thin bodies, which are reminiscent of sausages.
去抓住獵物（德國人對獵狗說），然后你就到達克斯了，那是德國人抓獾的地方——那些獵犬一開始被訓(xùn)練來打獵。你可能也知道這些狗也叫維也納香腸犬，是說它又長又小的體格讓人想到香腸。

Dalmatian

Dalmati
達爾馬提亞犬

Dalmatia is the name for a region that is now part of Croatia and Montenegro, formerly part of Yugoslavia and before that an Austrian province. Despite those famous spots, the Dalmatian is related to the Great Dane.
達爾馬提亞犬這個名字起源于現(xiàn)克羅地亞和黑山共和國的部分地區(qū)，原來是南斯拉夫的地盤，在那之前又是屬于奧地利。盡管有那么多著名的起源地，但達爾馬提亞犬仍跟大丹犬有一定的關(guān)系。

Doberman(n) pinscher

Doberman(n)?pinscher
杜賓犬

The name of this breed comes from its first breeder, Ludwig Dobermann (1834–94), a 19th-century German tax-collector. The origin of pinscher, on the other hand, has not been verified, though it has been suggested that Pinzgau, a region of north-western Austria, may be the source.
這類品種名來源于它第一個飼養(yǎng)者Ludwig Dobermann (1834–94)，他是十九世紀(jì)的一個稅務(wù)員。另一方面，即便沒有被證實，也有人說這類狗狗可能起源于奧地利西北部的一個叫Pinzgau的地區(qū)。

Great Dane

Great Dane
大丹犬

As much as the literary-minded among us wish that this dog breed were named after Hamlet, the breed name comes from the French grand danois (‘Great Dane’), and likely is descended from a mix of mastiff and greyhound or wolfhound.
出于文學(xué)情結(jié)，我們都希望這類犬種是以文學(xué)作品《哈姆雷特》命名的。這種犬名來源于法國的grand danois（“大丹犬”），并且有可能是獒犬和靈緹犬或者獵狼犬結(jié)合的后裔。