第一百零一條 地方各級人民代表大會分別選舉并且有權罷免本級人民政府的省長和副省長、市長和副市長、縣長和副縣長、區(qū)長和副區(qū)長、鄉(xiāng)長和副鄉(xiāng)長、鎮(zhèn)長和副鎮(zhèn)長。

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Article 101 Local people's congresses at their respective levels elect and have the power to recall governors and deputy governors, or mayors and deputy mayors, or heads and deputy heads of counties, districts, townships and towns.

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縣級以上的地方各級人民代表大會選舉并且有權罷免本級人民法院院長和本級人民檢察院檢察長。選出或者罷免人民檢察院檢察長，須報上級人民檢察院檢察長提請該級人民代表大會常務委員會批準。

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Local people's congresses at and above the county level elect, and have the power to recall, presidents of people's courts and chief procurators of people's procuratorates at the corresponding level. The election or recall of chief procurators of people's procuratorates shall be reported to the chief procurators of the people's procuratorates at the next higher level for submission to the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding level for approval.

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第一百零二條 省、直轄市、設區(qū)的市的人民代表大會代表受原選舉單位的監(jiān)督；縣、不設區(qū)的市、市轄區(qū)、鄉(xiāng)、民族鄉(xiāng)、鎮(zhèn)的人民代表大會代表受選民的監(jiān)督。

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Article 102 Deputies to the people's congresses of provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities divided into districts are subject to supervision by the units which elected them; deputies to the people's congresses of counties, cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, townships, nationality townships, and towns are subject to supervision by their constituencies.

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地方各級人民代表大會代表的選舉單位和選民有權依照法律規(guī)定的程序罷免由他們選出的代表。

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The electoral units and constituencies which elect deputies to local people's congresses at various levels have the power to recall the deputies according to procedures prescribed by law.

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第一百零三條 縣級以上的地方各級人民代表大會常務委員會由主任、副主任若干人和委員若干人組成，對本級人民代表大會負責并報告工作。

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Article 103 The standing committee of a local people's congress at and above the county level is composed of a chairman, vice-chairmen and members, and is responsible and reports on its work to the people's congress at the corresponding level.

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縣級以上的地方各級人民代表大會選舉并有權罷免本級人民代表大會常務委員會的組成人員。

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A local people's congress at or above the county level elects, and has the power to recall, members of its standing committee.

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縣級以上的地方各級人民代表大會常務委員會的組成人員不得擔任國家行政機關、審判機關和檢察機關的職務。

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No one on the standing committee of a local people's congress at or above the county level shall hold office in state administrative, judicial and procuratorial organs.

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第一百零四條 縣級以上的地方各級人民代表大會常務委員會討論、決定本行政區(qū)域內各方面工作的重大事項；監(jiān)督本級人民政府、人民法院和人民檢察院的工作；

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Article 104 The standing committee of a local people's congress at or above the county level discusses and decides on major issues in all fields of work in its administrative area; supervises the work of the people's government, people's court and people's procuratorate at the corresponding level;?

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撤銷本級人民政府的不適當的決定和命令；撤銷下一級人民代表大會的不適當的決議；依照法律規(guī)定的權限決定國家機關工作人員的任免；在本級人民代表大會閉會期間，罷免和補選上一級人民代表大會的個別代表。

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annuls inappropriate decisions and orders of the people's government at the corresponding level; annuls inappropriate resolutions of the people's congress at the next lower level; decides on the appointment or removal of functionaries of state organs within the limits of its authority as prescribed by law; and, when the people's congress at the corresponding level is not in session, recalls individual deputies to the people's congress at the next higher level and elects individual deputies to fill vacancies in that people's congress.

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第一百零五條 地方各級人民政府是地方各級國家權力機關的執(zhí)行機關，是地方各級國家行政機關。

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Article 105 Local people's governments at various levels are the executive bodies of local organs of state power as well as the local organs of state administration at the corresponding levels.

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地方各級人民政府實行省長、市長、縣長、區(qū)長、鄉(xiāng)長、鎮(zhèn)長負責制。

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Governors, mayors and heads of counties, districts, townships and towns assume overall responsibility for local people's governments at various levels.

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第一百零六條 地方各級人民政府每屆任期同本級人民代表大會每屆任期相同。

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Article 106 The term of office of local people's governments at various levels is the same as that of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels.

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第一百零七條 縣級以上地方各級人民政府依照法律規(guī)定的權限，管理本行政區(qū)域內的經濟、教育、科學、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)、城鄉(xiāng)建設事業(yè)和財政、民政、公安、民族事務、司法行政、監(jiān)察、計劃生育等行政工作，發(fā)布決定和命令，任免、培訓、考核和獎懲行政工作人員。

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Article 107 Local people's governments at and above the county level, within the limits of their authority as prescribed by law, conduct administrative work concerning the economy, education, science, culture, public health, physical culture, urban and rural development, finance, civil affairs, public security, nationalities affairs, judicial administration, supervision and family planning in their respective administrative areas; issue decisions and orders; appoint or remove administrative functionaries, train them, appraise their performance and reward or punish them.

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鄉(xiāng)、民族鄉(xiāng)、鎮(zhèn)的人民政府執(zhí)行本級人民代表大會的決議和上級國家行政機關的決定和命令，管理本行政區(qū)域內的行政工作。

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People's governments of townships, nationality townships, and towns execute the resolutions of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels as well as the decisions and orders of the state administrative organs at the next higher level and conduct administrative work in their respective administrative areas.?

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省、直轄市的人民政府決定鄉(xiāng)、民族鄉(xiāng)、鎮(zhèn)的建置和區(qū)域劃分。

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People's governments of provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government decide on the establishment and geographic division of townships, nationality townships, and towns.

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第一百零八條 縣級以上的地方各級人民政府領導所屬各工作部門和下級人民政府的工作，有權改變或者撤銷所屬各工作部門和下級人民政府的不適當的決定。

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Article 108 Local people's governments at and above the county level direct the work of their subordinate departments and of people's governments at lower levels, and have the power to alter or annul inappropriate decisions of their subordinate departments and of the people's governments at lower levels.

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第一百零九條 縣級以上的地方各級人民政府設立審計機關。地方各級審計機關依照法律規(guī)定獨立行使審計監(jiān)督權，對本級人民政府和上一級審計機關負責。

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Article 109 Auditing bodies are established by local people's governments at and above the county level. Local auditing bodies at various levels independently exercise their power of supervision through auditing in accordance with the law and are responsible to the people's government at the corresponding level and to the auditing body at the next higher level.

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第一百一十條 地方各級人民政府對本級人民代表大會負責并報告工作?？h級以上的地方各級人民政府在本級人民代表大會閉會期間，對本級人民代表大會常務委員會負責并報告工作。

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Article 110 Local people's governments at various levels are responsible and report on their work to people's congresses at the corresponding levels. Local people's governments at and above the county level are responsible and report on their work to the standing committees of the people's congresses at the corresponding levels when the congresses are not in session.

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地方各級人民政府對上一級國家行政機關負責并報告工作。

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Local people's governments at various levels are responsible and report on their work to the state administrative organs at the next higher level.

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全國地方各級人民政府都是國務院統(tǒng)一領導下的國家行政機關，都服從國務院。

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Local people's governments at various levels throughout the country are state administrative organs under the unified leadership of the State Council and are subordinate to it.

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第一百一十一條 城市和農村按居民居住地區(qū)設立的居民委員會或者村民委員會是基層群眾性自治組織。居民委員會、村民委員會的主任、副主任和委員由居民選舉。居民委員會、村民委員會同基層政權的相互關系由法律規(guī)定。

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Article 111 The residents committees and villagers committees established among urban and rural residents on the basis of their place of residence are mass organizations of self-management at the grass-roots level. The chairman, vice-chairmen and members of each residents or villagers committee are elected by the residents. The relationship between the residents and villagers committees and the grass-roots organs of state power is prescribed by law.

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居民委員會、村民委員會設人民調解、治安保衛(wèi)、公共衛(wèi)生等委員會，辦理本居住地區(qū)的公共事務和公益事業(yè)，調解民間糾紛，協(xié)助維護社會治安，并且向人民政府反映群眾的意見、要求和提出建議。

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The residents and villagers committees establish sub-committees for people's mediation, public security, public health and other matters in order to manage public affairs and social services in their areas, mediate civil disputes, help maintain public order and convey residents opinions and demands and make suggestions to the people's government.

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第三章 國家機構 第六節(jié) 民族自治地方的自治機關

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Section 6 The Organs of Self-Government of National Autonomous Areas

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第一百一十二條 民族自治地方的自治機關是自治區(qū)、自治州、自治縣的人民代表大會和人民政府。

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Article 112 The organs of self-government of national autonomous areas are the people's congresses and people's governments of autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties.

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第一百一十三條 自治區(qū)、自治州、自治縣的人民代表大會中，除實行區(qū)域自治的民族的代表外，其他居住在本行政區(qū)域內的民族也應當有適當名額的代表。

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Article 113 In the people's congress of an autonomous region, autonomous prefecture or autonomous county, in addition to the deputies of the nationality exercising regional autonomy in the administrative area, the other nationalities inhabiting the area are also entitled to appropriate representation.

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自治區(qū)、自治州、自治縣的人民代表大會常務委員會中應當有實行區(qū)域自治的民族的公民擔任主任或者副主任。

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Among the chairman and vice-chairmen of the standing committee of the people's congress of an autonomous region, autonomous prefecture or autonomous county there shall be one or more citizens of the nationality or nationalities exercising regional autonomy in the area concerned.

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第一百一十四條 自治區(qū)主席、自治州州長、自治縣縣長由實行區(qū)域自治的民族的公民擔任。

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Article 114 The chairman of an autonomous region, the prefect of an autonomous prefecture or the head of an autonomous county shall be a citizen of the nationality exercising regional autonomy in the area concerned.

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第一百一十五條 自治區(qū)、自治州、自治縣的自治機關行使憲法第三章第五節(jié)規(guī)定的地方國家機關的職權，同時依照憲法、民族區(qū)域自治法和其他法律規(guī)定的權限行使自治權，根據本地方實際情況貫徹執(zhí)行國家的法律、政策。

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Article 115 The organs of self-government of autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties exercise the functions and powers of local organs of state as specified in Section 5 of Chapter III of the Constitution. At the same time, they exercise the power of autonomy within the limits of their authority as prescribed by the Constitution, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional National Autonomy and other laws and implement the laws and policies of the state in the light of the existing local situation.

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第一百一十六條 民族自治地方的人民代表大會有權依照當地民族的政治、經濟和文化的特點，制定自治條例和單行條例。

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Article 116 The people's congresses of national autonomous areas have the power to enact regulations on the exercise of autonomy and other separate regulations in the light of the political, economic and cultural characteristics of the nationality or nationalities in the areas concerned.?

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自治區(qū)的自治條例和單行條例，報全國人民代表大會常務委員會批準后生效。自治州、自治縣的自治條例和單行條例，報省或者自治區(qū)的人民代表大會常務委員會批準后生效，并報全國人民代表大會常務委員會備案。

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The regulations on the exercise of autonomy and other separate regulations of autonomous regions shall be submitted to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for approval before they go into effect. Those of autonomous prefectures and counties shall be submitted to the standing committee of the people's congresses of provinces or autonomous regions for approval before they go into effect, and they shall be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.

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第一百一十七條 民族自治地方的自治機關有管理地方財政的自治權。凡是依照國家財政體制屬于民族自治地方的財政收入，都應當由民族自治地方的自治機關自主地安排使用。

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Article 117 The organs of self-government of the national autonomous areas have the power of autonomy in administering the finances of their areas. All revenues accruing to the national autonomous areas under the financial system of the state shall be managed and used by the organs of self- government of those areas on their own.

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第一百一十八條 民族自治地方的自治機關在國家計劃的指導下，自主地安排和管理地方性的經濟建設事業(yè)。

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Article 118 The organs of self-government of the national autonomous areas independently arrange for and administer local economic development under the guidance of state plans.?

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國家在民族自治地方開發(fā)資源、建設企業(yè)的時候，應當照顧民族自治地方的利益。

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In exploiting natural resources and building enterprises in the national autonomous areas, the state shall give due consideration to the interests of those areas.

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第一百一十九條 民族自治地方的自治機關自主地管理本地方的教育、科學、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育事業(yè)，保護和整理民族的文化遺產，發(fā)展和繁榮民族文化。

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Article 119 The organs of self-government of the national autonomous areas independently administer educational, scientific, cultural, public health and physical culture affairs in their respective areas, protect and sift through the cultural heritage of the nationalities and work for a vigorous development of their cultures.

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第一百二十條 民族自治地方的自治機關依照國家的軍事制度和當地的實際需要，經國務院批準，可以組織本地方維護社會治安的公安部隊。

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Article 120 The organs of self-government of the national autonomous areas may, in accordance with the military system of the state and practical local needs and with the approval of the State Council, organize local public security forces for the maintenance of public order.

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第一百二十一條 民族自治地方的自治機關在執(zhí)行職務的時候，依照本民族自治地方自治條例的規(guī)定，使用當地通用的一種或者幾種語言文字。

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Article 121 In performing their functions, the organs of self-government of the national autonomous areas, in accordance with the regulations on the exercise of autonomy in those areas, employ the spoken and written language or languages in common use in the locality.

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第一百二十二條 國家從財政、物資、技術等方面幫助各少數民族加速發(fā)展經濟建設和文化建設事業(yè)。

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Article 122 The state provides financial, material and technical assistance to the minority nationalities to accelerate their economic and cultural development.

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國家?guī)椭褡遄灾蔚胤綇漠數孛褡逯写罅颗囵B(yǎng)各級干部、各種專業(yè)人才和技術工人。

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The state helps the national autonomous areas train large numbers of cadres at various levels and specialized personnel and skilled workers of various professions and trades from among the nationality or nationalities in those areas.

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第三章 國家機構 第七節(jié) 人民法院和人民檢察院

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Section 7 The People's Courts and the People's Procuratorates

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第一百二十三條 中華人民共和國人民法院是國家的審判機關。

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Article 123 The people's courts of the People's Republic of China are the judicial organs of the state.

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第一百二十四條 中華人民共和國設立最高人民法院、地方各級人民法院和軍事法院等專門人民法院。

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Article 124 The People's Republic of China establishes the Supreme People's Court and the people's courts at various local levels, military courts and other special people's courts.?

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最高人民法院院長每屆任期同全國人民代表大會每屆任期相同，連續(xù)任職不得超過兩屆。

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The term of office of the President of the Supreme People's Court is the same as that of the National People's Congress. The President shall serve no more than two consecutive terms.

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人民法院的組織由法律規(guī)定。

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The organization of the people's courts is prescribed by law.

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第一百二十五條 人民法院審理案件，除法律規(guī)定的特別情況外，一律公開進行。被告人有權獲得辯護。

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Article 125 Except in special circumstances as specified by law, all cases in the people's courts are heard in public. The accused has the right to defence.

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第一百二十六條 人民法院依照法律規(guī)定獨立行使審判權，不受行政機關、社會團體和個人的干涉。

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Article 126 The people's courts exercise judicial power independently, in accordance with the provisions of the law, and are not subject to interference by any administrative organ, public organization or individual.

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第一百二十七條 最高人民法院是最高審判機關。

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Article 127 The Supreme People's Court is the highest judicial organ.

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最高人民法院監(jiān)督地方各級人民法院和專門人民法院的審判工作，上級人民法院監(jiān)督下級人民法院的審判工作。

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The Supreme People's Court supervises the administration of justice by the people's courts at various local levels and by the special people's courts. People's courts at higher levels supervise the administration of justice by those at lower levels.

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第一百二十八條 最高人民法院對全國人民代表大會和全國人民代表大會常務委員會負責。地方各級人民法院對產生它的國家權力機關負責。

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Article 128 The Supreme People's Court is responsible to the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Local people's courts at various levels are responsible to the organs of state power which created them.

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第一百二十九條 中華人民共和國人民檢察院是國家的法律監(jiān)督機關。

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Article 129 The people's procuratorates of the People's Republic of China are state organs for legal supervision.

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第一百三十條 中華人民共和國設立最高人民檢察院、地方各級人民檢察院和軍事檢察院等專門人民檢察院。

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Article 130 The People's Republic of China establishes the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the people's procuratorates at various local levels, military procuratorates and other special people's procuratorates.

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最高人民檢察院檢察長每屆任期同全國人民代表大會每屆任期相同，連續(xù)任職不得超過兩屆。

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The term of office of the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate is the same as that of the National People's Congress; the Procurator-General shall serve no more than two consecutive terms.

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人民檢察院的組織由法律規(guī)定。

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The organization of the people's procuratorates is prescribed by law.

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第一百三十一條 人民檢察院依照法律規(guī)定獨立行使檢察權，不受行政機關、社會團體和個人的干涉。

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Article 131 The people's procuratorates exercise procuratorial power independently, in accordance with the provisions of the law, and are not subject to interference by any administrative organ, public organization or individual.

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第一百三十二條 最高人民檢察院是最高檢察機關。

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Article 132 The Supreme People's Procuratorate is the highest procuratorial organ.

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最高人民檢察院領導地方各級人民檢察院和專門人民檢察院的工作，上級人民檢察院領導下級人民檢察院的工作。

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The Supreme People's Procuratorate directs the work of the people's procuratorates at various local levels and of the special people's procuratorates. People's procuratorates at higher levels direct the work of those at lower levels.

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第一百三十三條 最高人民檢察院對全國人民代表大會和全國人民代表大會常務委員會負責。地方各級人民檢察院對產生它的國家權力機關和上級人民檢察院負責。

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Article 133 The Supreme People's Procuratorate is responsible to the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee. People's procuratorates at various local levels are responsible to the organs of state power which created them and to the people's procuratorates at higher levels.

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第一百三十四條 各民族公民都有用本民族語言文字進行訴訟的權利。人民法院和人民檢察院對于不通曉當地通用的語言文字的訴訟參與人，應當為他們翻譯。

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Article 134 Citizens of all China's nationalities have the right to use their native spoken and written languages in court proceedings. The people's courts and people's procuratorates should provide translation for any party to the court proceedings who is not familiar with the spoken or written languages commonly used in the locality.

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在少數民族聚居或者多民族共同居住的地區(qū)，應當用當地通用的語言進行審理；起訴書、判決書、布告和其他文書應當根據實際需要使用當地通用的一種或者幾種文字。

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In an area where people of a minority nationality live in a concentrated community or where a number of nationalities live together, court hearings should be conducted in the language or languages commonly used in the locality; indictments, judgments, notices and other documents should be written, according to actual needs, in the language or languages commonly used in the locality.

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第一百三十五條 人民法院、人民檢察院和公安機關辦理刑事案件，應當分工負責，互相配合，互相制約，以保證準確有效地執(zhí)行法律。

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Article 135 The people's courts, the people's procuratorates and the public security organs shall, in handling criminal cases, divide their functions, each taking responsibility for its own work, and they shall coordinate their efforts and check each other to ensure the correct and effective enforcement of the law.

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第四章 國旗、國徽、首都

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Chapter IV The National Flag, the National Emblem and the Capital

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第一百三十六條 中華人民共和國國旗是五星紅旗。

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Article 136 The national flag of the People's Republic of China is a red flag with five stars.

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第一百三十七條 中華人民共和國國徽，中間是五星照耀下的天安門，周圍是谷穗和齒輪。

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Article 137 The national emblem of the People's Republic of China consists of an image of Tian'anmen in its centre illuminated by five stars and encircled by ears of grain and a cogwheel.

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第一百三十八條 中華人民共和國首都是北京。

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Article 138 The capital of the People's Republic of China is Beijing.?