Hints:?


本文探討了動(dòng)物是否有權(quán)利的問(wèn)題。


文中10s處有冒號(hào);

16s和19s處有破折號(hào)。

This view which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely 'logical'. In fact it is simply shallow: the confused center is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning -- the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl -- is to weigh others' interests against one's own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
這種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為,折磨猴子從道義上講無(wú)異于劈柴,這種看法似乎是大膽的“邏輯推理”。實(shí)際上,這種看法非常膚淺,因?yàn)槠渲行幕靵y到應(yīng)該被摒棄的程度。道德推理的最初級(jí)形式,和學(xué)習(xí)爬行的理論一樣,是把自身利益和他人利益加以權(quán)衡考慮。那么,這就需要同情心和想象力。沒(méi)有這兩點(diǎn),就無(wú)法用道德觀念來(lái)進(jìn)行思考??吹絼?dòng)物受苦足以使大多數(shù)人產(chǎn)生同情感。這種反應(yīng)并不是錯(cuò)誤,這是人類(lèi)用道德觀念進(jìn)行推理的本能在起作用。這種本能應(yīng)該得到鼓勵(lì),而不應(yīng)該遭到嘲笑。