第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，世界各地經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條，成千上萬(wàn)的工人失業(yè)，過(guò)著饑寒交迫的生活。兒童的處境更糟，有的得了傳染病，一批批地死去;有的則被迫當(dāng)童工，受盡折磨，生活和生命得不到保障。為了悼念利迪策慘案和全世界所有在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中死難的兒童，反對(duì)虐殺和毒害兒童，以及保障兒童權(quán)利，1949年11月，國(guó)際民主婦女聯(lián)合會(huì)在莫斯科舉行理事會(huì)議，中國(guó)和各國(guó)代表憤怒地揭露了帝國(guó)主義分子和各國(guó)反動(dòng)派殘殺、毒害兒童的罪行。為了保障世界各國(guó)兒童的生存權(quán)、保健權(quán)國(guó)際兒童節(jié)兒童作品畫(huà)和受教育權(quán)，為了改善兒童的生活，會(huì)議決定以每年的6月1日為國(guó)際兒童節(jié)。當(dāng)時(shí)的很多國(guó)家表示贊同，特別是社會(huì)主義國(guó)家。

世界上許多國(guó)家都將6月1日定為兒童的節(jié)日，尤其是在社會(huì)主義國(guó)家。在歐美國(guó)家，兒童節(jié)的日期各不相同，而且往往很少舉行社會(huì)公眾性的慶?；顒?dòng)。因此有人誤解為只有社會(huì)主義國(guó)家才將6月1日定為國(guó)際兒童節(jié)。

為了保障全世界兒童的權(quán)益，1949年11月，國(guó)際民主婦女聯(lián)合會(huì)在莫斯科召開(kāi)執(zhí)委會(huì)決定，將每年6月1日作為國(guó)際兒童節(jié)。新中國(guó)成立后，中央人民政府政務(wù)院于1949年12月23日規(guī)定，將中國(guó)的兒童節(jié)與國(guó)際兒童節(jié)統(tǒng)一起來(lái)。

The establishment of the international children's day, and during the second world war massacre of a famous -- Lidice massacre of. In 1942 June, the German Fascist shot of the Czech village of Lidice men over the age of 16 citizens and all more than 140 babies, and women and 90 children taken to concentration camps. The village houses, buildings were burned, a village it was ruined by the German fascists. After the Second World War, the world economic recession, tens of thousands of workers unemployed, lived a life suffer hunger and cold. Children are worse, some got infectious diseases, batch to die; some were forced to as a child, suffering, life and life is not guaranteed. To mourn Lidice massacre and all of the world's children died in the war, against the killing and poisoning of children, and the protection of the rights of the child, in 1949 November, the International Democratic women's Federation Council meeting held in Moscow, China and representatives angry expose the imperialist reactionaries and killing, poisoned children's crimes. In order to protect the world's children International Children's survival, Health Festival children's painting works and the right to education, to improve the lives of children, the meeting decided in June 1st of each year as the international children's day. Then many countries agreed, especially the socialist countries.

Many countries in the wor rld will be June 1st as children's festival, especially in socialist countries. In Europe and the United States, children's Day date each are not identical, and there is often little celebrations. So it is misunderstood as only socialist countries will be in June 1st as the international children's day.

In order to protect the world of children's rights, in 1949 November, the International Democratic women's Federation held in Moscow board decided, in June 1st each year as the international children's day. After the founding of new China, the Central People's Government on December 23, 1949, the China children's day and international children's day together.