四六級(jí)的閱讀部分一向是很多同學(xué)“心中的痛”，好不容易根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞找回了原文，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)讀完原文之后，腦子里一片茫然；或者費(fèi)勁九牛二虎之力，排除了兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，剩下的兩個(gè)卻辨不出所以然。這種情況，想必是很多同學(xué)“血淚史”的一部分吧。

那原因何在呢？定位之后回到原文卻讀不懂就是根源。那為什么讀不懂呢？單詞語法是基礎(chǔ)，此外就是對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)不明晰啦！掌握篇章整體結(jié)構(gòu)，乃至段落之間、句子間的邏輯關(guān)系，都對(duì)我們準(zhǔn)確選出選項(xiàng)有幫助！從今天起，滬江網(wǎng)校小兜老師將帶著我們梳理閱讀中的這些邏輯關(guān)系。

首先來看因果關(guān)系。說到如何辨別因果關(guān)系，大家最熟悉，同時(shí)也是最可靠的就是下面的這些小伙伴啦：because, because of, as a result, owing to, thus, therefore。當(dāng)這些單詞短語出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，句子或段落之間出現(xiàn)的因果關(guān)系是比較容易判斷的。

比如：
The dictionary meaning of the term "opponent" is "adversary", "enemy", "one who opposes your interests". Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. (05.6 CET4)

因?yàn)樽值渲邪裲pponent解釋為“對(duì)手、敵人；那些和你的利益相對(duì)的人”。因此，當(dāng)一個(gè)選手面對(duì)一個(gè)“對(duì)手”的時(shí)候，他可能傾向于把對(duì)手當(dāng)做敵人。

這樣的因果關(guān)系是不是特別清楚？

（ps. 這句話里面有些四級(jí)單詞，還沒掌握的同學(xué)趕緊動(dòng)手記下來哦！ adversary：對(duì)手； oppose：反對(duì)）

但是有的時(shí)候，段落或句子當(dāng)中的因果關(guān)系就不是那么一目了然了。來做一組問答：The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized. (07.1 CET4)

Q: Why the number can't precisely represent how many victims are there?

亮出你的答案吧！

A: Because many victims do not report the crime.

在原文中，我們重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該看到的就是：…..And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized.

那個(gè)數(shù)字可能會(huì)比較低，因?yàn)?/span>很多人，即便知道自己已經(jīng)受害，仍然選擇不去報(bào)案。

在這里，as就是表示因果關(guān)系的詞了。

下面再來看兩個(gè)例子：

例1. These are job losses resulting from changes in production

例2. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don't guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors. (09.12 CET6)

Q: 在這兩個(gè)例子里分別都有一組因果關(guān)系，仔細(xì)觀察，分別是誰導(dǎo)致了誰，或者說誰是因，誰是果

例1：These are job losses resulting from changes in production

changes in production 導(dǎo)致了?job losses

注意：result from：因….發(fā)生；是…..造成的。這句話是說，這些是因?yàn)楫a(chǎn)品改進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致的失業(yè)。

例2 Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don't guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors. (09.12 CET6)

increasing fragmentation of care 造成了?a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.

注意：result in: 導(dǎo)致、引發(fā)；類似于lead to。于是這段就是說，與普遍觀念不同，對(duì)你進(jìn)行治療的醫(yī)生增加，也不一定能保證更好的治療。實(shí)際上，不斷增加的醫(yī)療環(huán)節(jié)造成相應(yīng)的成本和醫(yī)療事故也在增加。

（再次ps：這里有新單詞，還沒掌握的同學(xué)趕緊背起來哦！popular belief：普遍觀念； guarantee：保證；corresponding：對(duì)應(yīng)的）

通過上面的各個(gè)例子，大家首先要知道，在閱讀中能表示因果關(guān)系的詞和短語很多；其次就是千萬不要把因和果弄反哦！

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