距離美國(guó)總統(tǒng)大選只剩下二十天的時(shí)候,民主黨總統(tǒng)候選人奧巴馬似乎漸入佳境。原先雙方勢(shì)均力敵的密西根、明尼蘇達(dá)、威斯康辛、賓夕法尼亞和科羅拉多五個(gè)“搖擺州”,現(xiàn)在都已倒向奧巴馬。剩下的七個(gè)搖擺州,奧巴馬也大部份較具優(yōu)勢(shì)。

請(qǐng)看外電的報(bào)道:

Barack Obama widened his lead considerably over John McCain in five key? swing states during the past three weeks, providing further evidence that the economic crisis has greatly enhanced the Democrat's advantage with just 20 days left before Election Day.

過去三周,奧巴馬對(duì)麥凱恩的領(lǐng)先優(yōu)勢(shì)已在五個(gè)關(guān)鍵搖擺州有所擴(kuò)大,這一現(xiàn)象進(jìn)一步說明在距離總統(tǒng)大選只有20天的時(shí)候,是經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)有力地推進(jìn)了民主黨的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

上面的報(bào)道中,swing state 就是我們所說的“搖擺州”,這個(gè)表達(dá)是美國(guó)大選中的一個(gè)特有說法,也叫 battleground state 或者 purple state,指的是 a state in which no candidate has overwhelming support,即競(jìng)選雙方勢(shì)均力敵,都無明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)的州。

這些“搖擺州”的選票一般都是競(jìng)選雙方爭(zhēng)奪的重點(diǎn),尤其是 key swing states(關(guān)鍵搖擺州)的選票,往往可以影響最終的大選結(jié)果。與 swing state 相對(duì)的,是 non-swing state,“非搖擺州”,也叫做 safe state,指的當(dāng)然就是競(jìng)選一方獲得絕對(duì)支持的州了。