托馬斯·哈代簡(jiǎn)介

托馬斯·哈代（Thomas Hardy），英國最杰出的鄉(xiāng)土小說家、詩人。

他生于農(nóng)村沒落貴族家庭。1861年去倫敦學(xué)建筑工程，并從事文學(xué)、哲學(xué)和神學(xué)的研究。當(dāng)過幾年建筑師，后致力于文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。

哈代一生共發(fā)表了近20部長篇小說，其中最著名的當(dāng)推《德伯家的苔絲》、《無名的裘德》、《還鄉(xiāng)》和《卡斯特橋市長》。詩8集，共918首，此外，還有許多以“威塞克斯故事”為總名的中短篇小說，以及長篇史詩劇《列王》。

Thomas Hardy was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist, in the tradition of George Eliot, he was also influenced both in his novels and poetry by Romanticism, especially by William Wordsworth. Charles Dickens is another important influence on Thomas Hardy. Like Dickens, he was also highly critical of much in Victorian society, though Hardy focused more on a declining rural society.

While Hardy wrote poetry throughout his life, and regarded himself primarily as a poet, his first collection was not published until 1898. Initially therefore he gained fame as the author of such novels as Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891), and Jude the Obscure (1895). However, since the 1950s Hardy has been recognized as a major poet, and had a significant influence on The Movement poets of the 1950s and 1960s, including Phillip Larkin.

The bulk of his fictional works, initially published as serials in magazines, were set in the semi-fictional region of Wessex and explored tragic characters struggling against their passions and social circumstances. Hardy's Wessex is based on the medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom and eventually came to include the counties of Dorset, Wiltshire, Somerset, Devon, Hampshire and much of Berkshire, in southwest and south central England.

代表作品：

性格與環(huán)境：《綠林蔭下》、《遠(yuǎn)離塵囂》、《還鄉(xiāng)》、《卡斯特橋市長》、《林居人》、《德伯家的苔絲》、《無名的裘德》等

羅曼史與幻想：《一雙湛藍(lán)的秋波》、《司號(hào)長》、《塔中戀人》、《意中人》等

精于結(jié)構(gòu)：計(jì)出無奈》、《埃塞貝妲的婚事》、《冷淡女子》等

哈代名言：

It is difficult for a woman to define her feelings in a language which is chiefly made by men to express theirs.
女人用語言解釋感受很困難，因?yàn)檎Z言主要是男人創(chuàng)造，以表達(dá)男人的感受。

There is a condition worse than blindness, and that is, seeing something that isn't there.
眼睛看見不存在的事物，跟眼睛看不見相比更糟糕。

The sudden disappointment of a hope leaves a scar which the ultimate fulfillment of that hope never entirely removes.
希望突然變失望就會(huì)留下疤痕，這疤痕即便在希望最終實(shí)現(xiàn)以后，也絕不會(huì)完全消除。

Once victim, always victim -- that's the law!
法律就是這樣：一旦成了受害者就永遠(yuǎn)是受害者。

The main object of religion is not to get a man into heaven, but to get heaven into him.
宗教的目的不是把人類送到天堂，而是把天堂帶進(jìn)人類。

Fear is the mother of foresight.
恐懼是先見之母。

A woman would rather visit her own grave than the place where she has been young and beautiful after she is aged and ugly.
一個(gè)年老變丑的女人，寧肯去自己的墳?zāi)?，也不愿意去她年青漂亮過的地方。

Do not do an immoral thing for moral reasons.
不以道德之理，行非道德之事。

Patience, that blending of moral courage with physical timidity.
用身體的容忍與道德的勇氣混在一起就成了耐心。

A man's silence is wonderful to listen to.
人的沉默是最好聽的佳音。

Cruelty is the law pervading all nature and society; and we can't get out of it if we would.
殘酷是充斥整個(gè)自然和社會(huì)的法則，我們要逃也逃不了。

A lover without indiscretion is no lover at all.
不會(huì)輕率魯莽的情人根本就不是情人。