聽記+口述=綜合口語題目的成敗關(guān)鍵（4）

如何看筆記做復(fù)述？
下面以2012年01月21日的北美新托?？谡Z考試真題中的Question 4為例，詳細(xì)解析綜合口語題的解題思路。
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看例題，學(xué)答法
Integrated Speaking Task
Question 4 Lecture
Narrator: You will now read a short passage and then listen to a talk on the same academic topic. You will then be asked a question about them. After you hear the question, you will have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.
Narrator: Begin reading now.

Reading Time: 45 Seconds

Mental Set

A mental set is a habit to try to solve problems in a certain way, whether that approach is the most suitable or not. Typically, someone with a mental set has found that a given approach has worked in the past and she or he tends to employ it without reflection in all future cases; however, the approach may not be the most effective way to deal with the current situation. Some researchers describe the problem as an exaggerated type of habit formation.

Narrator: Now hear a talk on the same subject.

Using information from the reading and the lecture, explain how the professor’s example of the mental set relates to the reading passage.

Preparation Time: 30 Seconds

Response Time: 60 Seconds

解題思路

1. 45 秒閱讀短文
閱讀材料是一段大約75~100詞左右的學(xué)術(shù)文章，開頭部分通常會闡述某個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)概念，用于交代背景及為之后的聽力內(nèi)容做鋪墊。聽力的內(nèi)容則是教授用具體的例子解釋說明文章中的學(xué)術(shù)概念。閱讀文章的內(nèi)容理論性較強(qiáng)，且抽象、不易理解，考生無需理解文章說的是什么，只需在45秒的閱讀時(shí)間內(nèi)做兩件事：1)抄標(biāo)題；2)抄定義。如本題，只需記錄如下內(nèi)容：

Mental Set（標(biāo)題）

a habit to try to solve problems in a certain way, whether that approach is the most suitable or not（定義，在第一句找）

將所抄內(nèi)容帶入下面的模板，對閱讀文章的復(fù)述就完成了：

The reading is about an academic concept called mental set which refers to people’s habit to solve problems in a certain way regardless whether or not the approach is suitable.

接下來將閱讀和聽力內(nèi)容流暢銜接：
And the professor explains this concept by giving an example /examples in the lecture.
如果在45 秒內(nèi)無法找到標(biāo)題的定義或者沒來得及摘抄下來，口述的時(shí)候可以這樣說：
The reading is about an academic concept called mental set, and the professor explains this concept by giving an example / examples in the lecture.

2. 聽講座，記錄例子的主要內(nèi)容
教授總是會在講座的開頭重新解釋一下標(biāo)題的定義，這部分內(nèi)容較抽象，建議不做記錄。直到教授說到具體例子時(shí)再認(rèn)真聽并做好筆記。本題講座內(nèi)容如下（黑體部分為聽記重點(diǎn)）：
[Lecture]
This week then, we’ll be talking about mental sets. Let me emphasize something: a mental set does not necessarily mean you’re mentally ill. But it usually does mean you’re not nearly as efficient as you might want to be. Let me give you an example.（這句話之前的內(nèi)容都不用理會）
A few years ago when I was still in grad school I had a roommate named Peter. He insisted he could only write his papers on a typewriter. Maybe he was afraid of technology. But, as you may have heard, a typewriter is slow and inconvenient. Once you make a mistake, you have to pause, use correction fluid and wait for it to dry. Or, if it’s late at night and you run out of fluid, you have to type the whole page again.
Both myself and his professors told Peter: use a computer! It’s faster, and it’s easier. It’ll save his time and it’s easy to operate. But until the day he finished school, he never gave up that typewriter. Maybe he still uses it. And why? Because of some fixed idea, a mental set, that there’s only the one way he can do the task.

在聽錄音的過程中，可記下如下筆記：

prf’s rmt (roommate) Peter →tp wtr →assign~

×cvnt (convenient) & slw

if msk (mistake), again

prf →Peter →cmpt, but still tp wtr ∵mental set
3. 聽問題，準(zhǔn)備回答
講座結(jié)束后，屏幕上會出現(xiàn)問題，同時(shí)會有聲音將問題讀出來。之后，聲音還會告訴考生何時(shí)準(zhǔn)備、何時(shí)開始作答。準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間為30秒，回答時(shí)間為60秒。

4. 30秒準(zhǔn)備
利用30秒的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間，可以整理筆記，也可練習(xí)口述筆記內(nèi)容。你也許說不完，但可為隨后的60秒答題做好準(zhǔn)備。

5. 60秒答題
可將本題筆記進(jìn)行如下展開：

Reading

(Topic)

l? mental set

The reading passage is about mental sets.

Listening

(Example)

l? prf’s rmt (roommate) Peter →tp wtr (typewriter) →assign~

The professor’s roommate Peter used a typewriter to do his assignments.

l? × cvnt (convenient) & slw

The typewriter is not very convenient and is slow.

l? if msk (mistake), again

Once you make a mistake, you have to type everything again.

l? prf →Peter →cmp, but still tp wtr ∵mental set

The professor suggested Peter use a computer, but Peter still used a typewriter due to a mental set.

注意，在引出具體例子時(shí)，可說The professor says that…，有時(shí)也可用According to the lecture, … 或Suppose…作開頭語。


《常遠(yuǎn)新托福口語真經(jīng)——年度最新預(yù)測真題》（含MP3光盤一張）
?作者：常遠(yuǎn)
?出版社：外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
?責(zé)任編輯：許圓圓
?版次：2013年5月1版1次印刷
?定價(jià)：49.00
?開本：16K
注：本文內(nèi)容節(jié)選于《常遠(yuǎn)新托?？谡Z真經(jīng)——年度最新預(yù)測真題》一書。本書由外語教學(xué)與研究出版社出版，滬江英語授權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)載部分內(nèi)容。