2. there be主謂一致問(wèn)題

主謂一致問(wèn)題是考生所犯的最為頻繁的錯(cuò)誤之一,其實(shí)從這點(diǎn)可以看出,雅思考試的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)并不是很難,關(guān)鍵就是細(xì)心程度。首先要認(rèn)識(shí)到在此句型中,這里there是引導(dǎo)詞,沒(méi)有詞義,be是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,代詞或名詞(短語(yǔ))是主語(yǔ)。be要與主語(yǔ)保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。例如:

(1) There is a desk and two chairs in the room.(緊挨著be動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是a desk, 是單數(shù),故be的形式要用is)

(2) There are two chairs and a desk in the room.(緊挨著be動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是two chairs, 是復(fù)數(shù),故be的形式要用are)

(3) There are some people in the classroom.(同上)

小結(jié):雅思考試和國(guó)內(nèi)的其他等級(jí)考試有所不同,四六級(jí)很多時(shí)候過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)法的高級(jí)、句式的復(fù)雜和詞匯的生僻。但是就雅思考試作文項(xiàng)來(lái)講,重視的是語(yǔ)法的準(zhǔn)確、使用的地道合適以及使用的自然流暢、恰到好處。

3. 關(guān)于There be+sb.+doing sth句式

此句式意為“有某人在做某事”。我們的考生在寫作的時(shí)候,經(jīng)常會(huì)在there be sb/sth之后添加動(dòng)作來(lái)修飾物體和人的動(dòng)作表現(xiàn),但是往往也因此就出現(xiàn)了很多錯(cuò)誤。例如:

(1) There are a great deal of people go abroad every year.

正解:There are a great deal of people going abroad every year.

(2) There are some people suggest that we demolish old building in cities.

正解:There are some people suggesting that we demolish old buildings in cities.
在there be句式中,表示“有某人在做某事”時(shí),后面的動(dòng)作要變化成動(dòng)名詞形式,這是基本的語(yǔ)法常識(shí)。

4. 時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題

眾所周知,英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)是由動(dòng)詞的變位來(lái)體現(xiàn)的,在雅思作文中,如果時(shí)態(tài)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,那么考生的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤面積就會(huì)通篇暴露在考官面前,因?yàn)樽魑牡拿烤湓捴?,幾乎都離不開動(dòng)詞,因此,對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)的把握是極其重要的。在there be句型中,be已經(jīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,所以,此句型的時(shí)態(tài)是通過(guò)對(duì)be動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)體現(xiàn)的。簡(jiǎn)單列舉分析如下:

(1) There will be thousands of football fans in London next month.(一般將來(lái)時(shí))

(2) There is going to be a film in our school this weekend.(一般將來(lái)時(shí))

(3) There is to be a concert at the Albert Hall tonight(一般將來(lái)時(shí))

(4) There have been a lot of accidents round here.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))

(5) There has been some awful weather lately.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))

(6) He told me that there had been an argument between them.(過(guò)去完成時(shí))

(7) There will have been a definite result before Friday.(將來(lái)完成時(shí))

小結(jié):考生要對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)非常敏感,否則會(huì)因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)法的錯(cuò)誤面積太大而失去了作文的整體質(zhì)量,高分必定難以保證。

不要盲目追求所謂語(yǔ)法的高級(jí)程度和華麗,要重實(shí)用性、重準(zhǔn)確度。筆者認(rèn)為,中國(guó)考生的語(yǔ)法儲(chǔ)備量是極大的,我國(guó)的語(yǔ)法教育十分的系統(tǒng)甚至過(guò)細(xì)和繁瑣,所以問(wèn)題就變成了,不是需要不停地補(bǔ)充新的語(yǔ)法知識(shí),而是要把現(xiàn)有的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)順暢輸出、細(xì)心使用。一旦語(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)了,我們?cè)谌〉醚潘几叻值穆飞暇腿サ袅艘粋€(gè)極大的障礙。

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