2、描述數(shù)字變化的常用句型及詞匯

趨勢(shì)寫(xiě)作 identify trend

12個(gè)單詞 + 3個(gè)句式 + 4個(gè)連接詞

a、12個(gè)單詞

趨勢(shì)

描述單詞

注意事項(xiàng)

上升

grow, climb, soar

1．其中“soar”和“sink”為極限詞匯，不能添加任何修飾；

2．在句子和文章中，事實(shí)上很少用到上述動(dòng)詞的原型，相反使用最多的是它們的“過(guò)去式”，以及對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞；

3．上升和下降需要和數(shù)字建立連接，可供選擇的介詞to, by, of

??? To 配合動(dòng)詞和名詞，表示“達(dá)到”

??? By/of 表示“變化了”；by跟在動(dòng)詞后面，而of跟在名詞后面

下降

drop, fall, sink

平穩(wěn)

stay unchanged at+不變的值

?

波動(dòng)

varybetween…and…（兩個(gè)極值；名詞fluctuation between…and…

?

程度

dramatically (significantly)劇烈的；progressively (gradually)逐漸的；slightly (slowly)緩慢的

表中所提供的單詞均為“副詞”，需搭配動(dòng)詞使用；如果需要搭配、修飾“名詞”，則上述的詞匯應(yīng)變?yōu)椤靶稳菰~”，即:dramatic, progressive, slight

?

b、3個(gè)重要的句式：

例句：在2005年到2006年間，當(dāng)澳洲當(dāng)?shù)氐乃M(fèi)usage charge增加了每千升per kiloliter 0.25元。（看看下面的三種不同表達(dá)形式）

（1）主謂句（強(qiáng)調(diào)量詞的變化）

The usage charge in Australia grew by $0.25 per kiloliter during 2005-2006.

（2） 主謂賓句（強(qiáng)調(diào)量詞的變化，詞性變化）

The usage charge in Australia had a growth of $0.25 per kiloliter between 2005 and 2006.

（3） 被動(dòng)句（強(qiáng)調(diào)變化本身）

A growth of $0.25 per kiloliter was found in the usage charge in Australia over 1 year to Year 2006.

NB: 表示時(shí)間的變化，常用的手法

From…to…; between…and…; during…-…; for/over時(shí)間差to終止時(shí)間

c、4個(gè)連接詞

第一種：一個(gè)對(duì)象在不同時(shí)期的變化（時(shí)間變化）,before /, after which

第二種：不同對(duì)象的比較 similarly (= The similar pattern is found in…) / however (In contrast,)

例題：在過(guò)去的2年中，中國(guó)的GDP（Gross Domestic Production）增長(zhǎng)了10%，預(yù)計(jì)在明年GDP仍可能增長(zhǎng)8%左右。但是，日本的GDP在過(guò)去的2年中，基本呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì)，而且預(yù)計(jì)明年下降得更猛烈。
In the recent 2 years, GDP of China has grown by 10%, after which it is estimated to climb by 8% next year. In contrast, a dropping trend, in the last 2 years, has been found in that of Japan, before it is predicted to be more dramatic.

當(dāng)不是特別能夠確定圖表的具體數(shù)值時(shí)，我們可以在數(shù)字前加上about, around, nearly, approximately, or so等一些比較模糊的副詞修飾。

看一道例題：

During 1979- 1999, visits overseas by UK residents, about 12 million in 1979, had a growth to nearly 52 million. The similar pattern was found in visits to the UK by international residents from around 10 million to 30 million. 6.5分

UK residents, about 12 million in 1979, had a growth to nearly 52 million. The similar pattern was found in visits to the UK by international residents from around 10 million to 30 million, but climbing slower than the former. 7分

In 1979, visits abroad by UK residents, 2 million more than those to the UK by overseas residents, was 12 million, after which a dramatic rise to nearly 52 million was found in 1999, when the similar pattern was seen in the visits to the UK by international residents to nearly 30 million. 8分

NB：高分的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是信息量較大的，而且處處充斥著比較和對(duì)比的感覺(jué)。在一個(gè)句子中，充分利用“插入語(yǔ)-解釋和補(bǔ)充”，以及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)補(bǔ)充其他的內(nèi)容，最后利用similarly或however進(jìn)行比較。