萬物簡(jiǎn)史:PART III CH 9威力巨大的原子（17）
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2012-02-15 07:00
不知疲倦的盧瑟福這時(shí)候已經(jīng)返回劍橋大學(xué)，接替J.J.湯姆遜擔(dān)任卡文迪許實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任。他設(shè)計(jì)出了一種模型，說明原子核不會(huì)爆炸的原因。他認(rèn)為，質(zhì)子的正電荷一定已被某種起中和作用的粒子抵消，他把這種粒子叫做中子。正如布爾斯及其同事在他們的物理學(xué)史中指出的，較晚發(fā)現(xiàn)中子或許是一件很好的事，因?yàn)榘l(fā)展原子彈必須掌握中子。~~~
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文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請(qǐng)邊聽寫邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽力準(zhǔn)確度，并為訓(xùn)練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~
Hint:
Boorse
Meanwhile the tireless Rutherford, now [-1-] at Cambridge as J. J. Thomson's [-2-] as head of the Cavendish Laboratory, came up with a model that explained why the nuclei didn't blow up. He saw that they must be offset by some type of neutralizing particles, which he called neutrons. The idea was simple and [-3-] , but not easy to prove. Rutherford's associate, James Chadwick, devoted 11 intensive years to hunting for neutrons before finally succeeding in 1932. He, too, was awarded with a Nobel Prize in physics, in 1935. [---4---] (Because neutrons have no charge, they aren't repelled by the electrical fields at the heart of an atom and thus could be fired like tiny torpedoes into an atomic nucleus, setting off the destructive process known as fission.) Had the neutron been [-5-] in the 1920s, they note, it is "[---6---]"
?《萬物簡(jiǎn)史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱:http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/6004/
文中需聽寫單詞或詞組用[-No-]表示，句子用[---No---]表示。請(qǐng)邊聽寫邊理解文意，這樣可以提高聽力準(zhǔn)確度，并為訓(xùn)練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~
Hint:
Boorse
Meanwhile the tireless Rutherford, now [-1-] at Cambridge as J. J. Thomson's [-2-] as head of the Cavendish Laboratory, came up with a model that explained why the nuclei didn't blow up. He saw that they must be offset by some type of neutralizing particles, which he called neutrons. The idea was simple and [-3-] , but not easy to prove. Rutherford's associate, James Chadwick, devoted 11 intensive years to hunting for neutrons before finally succeeding in 1932. He, too, was awarded with a Nobel Prize in physics, in 1935. [---4---] (Because neutrons have no charge, they aren't repelled by the electrical fields at the heart of an atom and thus could be fired like tiny torpedoes into an atomic nucleus, setting off the destructive process known as fission.) Had the neutron been [-5-] in the 1920s, they note, it is "[---6---]"
back
successor
appealing
As Boorse and his colleagues point out in their history of the subject, the delay in discovery was probably a very good thing as mastery of the neutron was essential to the development of the atomic bomb.
isolated
very likely the atomic bomb would have been developed first in Europe, undoubtedly by the Germans.
與此同時(shí)，不知疲倦的盧瑟福這時(shí)候已經(jīng)返回劍橋大學(xué)，接替J.J.湯姆遜擔(dān)任卡文迪許實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任。他設(shè)計(jì)出了一種模型，說明原子核不會(huì)爆炸的原因。他認(rèn)為，質(zhì)子的正電荷一定已被某種起中和作用的粒子抵消，他把這種粒子叫做中子。這個(gè)想法簡(jiǎn)單而動(dòng)人，但不容易證明。盧瑟福的同事詹姆斯?查德威克忙碌了整整11個(gè)年頭尋找中子，終于在1932年獲得成功。1935年，他也獲得了諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。正如布爾斯及其同事在他們的物理學(xué)史中指出的，較晚發(fā)現(xiàn)中子或許是一件很好的事，因?yàn)榘l(fā)展原子彈必須掌握中子。（由于中子不帶電荷，它們不會(huì)被原子中心的電場(chǎng)排斥，因此可以像小魚雷那樣被射進(jìn)原子核，啟動(dòng)名叫裂變的破壞過程。）他們認(rèn)為，要是在20世紀(jì)20年代就能分離中子，"原子彈很可能先在歐洲研制出來，毫無疑問是被德國(guó)人"。
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