科學(xué)60秒:基因+病毒=疾病
來源：滬江聽寫酷
2011-04-26 08:23
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Crohn's disease is a real pain in the gut. This inflammatory disorder can lead to some serious intestinal difficulties. And ____1____: some 30 different genes enhance susceptibility. But not everyone who has the genes gets Crohn's.
Now scientists find that those with one type of risky gene may also need to ____2____ to trigger the disease. The results appear in the journal Cell.
Doctors have long suspected that some sort of virus might precipitate autoimmune disorders, like lupus or multiple sclerosis. But in the case of Crohn's, researchers ____3____ the connection by accident.
They were studying mice that carry a version of a gene associated with Crohn's. These animals develop gut problems similar to those seen in humans. Then the researchers started keeping the animals in clean cages. Really clean cages, in which the bedding, food, and water are sterilized. And the ____4____ mice, even with the risky gene, stayed healthy. But when the scientists exposed the animals to a common virus, they came down with mouse Crohn's.
The research shows that some illnesses may require a combination of genetic predisposition and infection. ____5____.
Crohn's disease is a real pain in the gut. This inflammatory disorder can lead to some serious intestinal difficulties. And ____1____: some 30 different genes enhance susceptibility. But not everyone who has the genes gets Crohn's.
Now scientists find that those with one type of risky gene may also need to ____2____ to trigger the disease. The results appear in the journal Cell.
Doctors have long suspected that some sort of virus might precipitate autoimmune disorders, like lupus or multiple sclerosis. But in the case of Crohn's, researchers ____3____ the connection by accident.
They were studying mice that carry a version of a gene associated with Crohn's. These animals develop gut problems similar to those seen in humans. Then the researchers started keeping the animals in clean cages. Really clean cages, in which the bedding, food, and water are sterilized. And the ____4____ mice, even with the risky gene, stayed healthy. But when the scientists exposed the animals to a common virus, they came down with mouse Crohn's.
The research shows that some illnesses may require a combination of genetic predisposition and infection. ____5____.
heredity is partly to blame
catch a virus
stumbled across
squeaky clean
Info that could lead to new treatment strategies
克羅恩?。ńY(jié)腸克隆氏病、節(jié)段性回腸炎）對(duì)腸胃來說可真是一種折磨！這種炎癥性疾病可導(dǎo)致某些嚴(yán)重的腸道癥狀。而部分原因要?dú)w結(jié)為——遺傳：有30種不同的基因可增高克羅恩病的易感性，但也并非每一個(gè)擁有這種基因的人就會(huì)得克羅恩病。
如今，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)擁有某一類型這種基因的人或許感染上一種病毒后才會(huì)引發(fā)克羅恩病。這一研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《細(xì)胞》雜志上。
一直以來，醫(yī)生們就懷疑某些類型的病毒有可能促使自身免疫功能紊亂，如紅斑狼瘡、多發(fā)性硬化癥等。但就克羅恩病而言，研究人員是在偶然中才發(fā)現(xiàn)這其中的聯(lián)系。
當(dāng)時(shí)，研究人員在對(duì)攜有與克羅恩病相關(guān)基因的實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠進(jìn)行研究，這些實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠患有與人類極為相似的腸道問題。研究人員將它們放入潔凈的籠中，這可是真正的一塵不染——它們的寢具、食物、飲水全都是經(jīng)過消毒無菌的。而這些異常潔凈的小實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠即使攜帶了高?；?，也依然健康茁壯。但是，一旦將它們暴露在有普通病毒的環(huán)境中，這些實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠就會(huì)患上鼠類的克羅恩病。
這項(xiàng)研究表明，有些疾病是遺傳基因易感性和病毒感染的共同作用引發(fā)的。而這一信息也指出了一種新的治療策略。
