只聽寫5個(gè)空即可,第6個(gè)空是和第4個(gè)空一樣的詞。
We humans are pretty good at communicating with sounds other than words [sound of laughter]. But how much of this is ___1___, and how much do we pick up from others?
To find out, researchers recorded the nonverbal sounds of people born deaf, as they responded to a range of ____2____. The idea being that if certain sounds are learned, deaf people wouldn't know how to make them.
Then they played back those recordings for a group of hearing individuals, to see if they could ____3____ the emotion behind each sound. They guessed correctly more than chance would predict—deaf people’s sounds of amusement and relief were pretty obvious. Which suggests we may be born primed to laugh or sigh.
But the listeners had a tough time with these two: [deaf female sound, deaf male sound]. Those are both expressions of ____4____. Here’s a hearing person’s [hearing male sound].
So the researchers say certain nonverbal sounds may require experience to learn—just as in language. They'll present the findings at a meeting of the Acoustical Society of America.
Their theory ___5___ with a previous study, which found that shouts of ___4___ vary from culture to culture. Maybe that explains why some people can’t stand the vuvuzela.
【視聽版科學(xué)小組榮譽(yù)出品】
hard-wired positive and negative emotions decipher triumph fits nicely
相比起用文字,我們還是比較擅長(zhǎng)用聲音交流。但這些聲音中有多少是我們天生懂得發(fā)出的,又有多少是我們后天學(xué)習(xí)而來(lái)的呢? 為了找到答案,研究人員錄下了先天耳聾者在積極情緒和消極情緒下發(fā)出的非語(yǔ)言聲音。該研究的設(shè)想是,假如有些聲音是通過(guò)后天學(xué)習(xí)的,那么先天耳聾的人就不可能懂得如何發(fā)出。 然后他們向聽力正常的一組人回放錄音,看看他們是否可以從不同聲音中辨認(rèn)出發(fā)聲人的情緒。研究人員的猜測(cè)比隨機(jī)猜測(cè)的結(jié)果更準(zhǔn)確——聾人喜悅或松一口氣時(shí)的聲音是非常明顯的,這就表明了我們天生就懂得如何發(fā)笑和嘆氣。 但聽錄音的人卻很難分辨以下兩個(gè)聲音。(一名失聰女士的聲音,一名失聰男士的聲音。)這兩者表達(dá)的都是勝利的心情,而下面這個(gè)聲音才是有聽覺的人表達(dá)勝利的方式。(聽覺正常的男士聲音。) 因此,研究人員認(rèn)為某些非語(yǔ)言聲音可能和語(yǔ)言一樣,需要我們后天學(xué)習(xí)。他們會(huì)在美國(guó)聲學(xué)會(huì)的會(huì)議上呈現(xiàn)研究成果。 他們的理論和先前的某個(gè)研究非常切合。先前有一研究發(fā)現(xiàn),不同文化的人在勝利時(shí)的歡呼是不一樣的。這可能解釋了沒(méi)什么某些人不習(xí)慣非洲嗚嗚組啦的歡呼聲。