這篇聽力文章是來源與建筑學的知識。其中有一些不常用的詞匯:aluminum:鋁,Vinyl:乙烯基,cladding :鍍層
Windows usually look like they're all made of glass and wood. However, there is more to windows than meets the eye. Things that look like "wood" could be aluninum, vinyl or some other composite material. As people prefer things that are "low-maintenance", there has been and explosion in materials that look kile wood being used for frames ; they don't need sanding and painting and still look like high quality wood. Sometimes a layer of aluminum is used to coat the exterior surfaces of a window to provide a long-lasting, low-maintenance surface. It is called "cladding". I think I should write down the word on the board. It refers to the application of one material over another to provide a weather-proof layer. For aluminum is the more durable it is. However, it doesn't have the insulating qualities of windows made of other materials so they're not widely used. Vinyl is another popular low-maintenance option. It can also be applied over other materials, like wood or wood products. Like aluminum, the thicker the vinyl the more durable it will be. Composite windows and vinyl windows are gaining popularity nowadays as non-wood, energy efficient and low-maintenance alternatives which don't warp or rot like wood windows can in extreme conditions.
窗戶總讓人們認為由玻璃和木頭組成。 但是,其實是有比我們認為的更多種。 看起來像是木頭的其實可能是鋁制的, 乙烯基的或這其他的一些合成材料。 就像人們都喜歡低維護的東西,有些材料像木頭一樣用做框架,他們不需要打磨,上涂料仍然像高質量的木頭。有時候,一層鋁包裹在窗戶外部表面提供更持久更低維護的表面。它被叫做鍍層。我認為我應該把這個詞寫到黑板上。它代表用一種材料覆蓋到另一種上以提供一個防水層。對于鋁來說就會有更少的顏色選擇與木頭的相比,而且通常薄薄的一層鋁使它更耐久。然而,它沒有其他材料制成的窗戶的質量,所以他們沒有廣泛的使用。乙烯基是另一種比較流行的低維護的選擇。 它也能被覆蓋到其他材料上,如木頭或木制品。像鋁一樣,薄薄的一層乙烯基試它更耐久。合成的窗戶和乙烯基的窗戶現(xiàn)在很流行作為非木的,節(jié)能的,低維護的選擇,它們像木窗戶一樣在極端的條件下不會彎曲或生銹。