【讀書筆記】《沉思錄》卷三：享受那你認(rèn)為是最好的東西的快樂03
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?本書簡介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷三：享受那你認(rèn)為是最好的東西的快樂03
?小編語：到第三卷啦！個人倒是更喜歡這一卷，你呢？
3.5?If thou findest in human life anything better than justice, truth, temperance, fortitude, and, in a word, anything better than thy own mind's self-satisfaction in the things which it enables thee to do according to right reason, and in the condition that is assigned to thee without thy own choice; if, I say, thou seest anything better than this, turn to it with all thy soul, and enjoy that which thou hast found to be the best. But if nothing appears to be better than the deity which is planted in thee, which has subjected to itself all thy appetites, and carefully examines all the impressions, and, as Socrates said, has detached itself from the persuasions of sense, and has submitted itself to the gods, and cares for mankind; if thou findest everything else smaller and of less value than this, give place to nothing else, for if thou dost once diverge and incline to it, thou wilt no longer without distraction be able to give the preference to that good thing which is thy proper possession and thy own; for it is not right that anything of any other kind, such as praise from the many, or power, or enjoyment of pleasure, should come into competition with that which is rationally and politically or practically good.
?Notes：
detach [v]
? ?1.?to remove something from something larger; to become separated from something;
? ? ? ?~ sth; ~ sth from sth; ~ (from sth)
? ?2. ~ yourself (from sb/sth) (formal):?to leave or separate yourself from somebody/something;
? ?3. ~ sb/sth?(technical):?to send a group of soldiers, etc. away from the main group, especially to do special duties.
diverge [v]
? ? separate and go in different directions ~ from sth
? ? be different ~(from sth)
? ? be or become different from what is expected, planned, etc?~ from sth
3.6?Never value anything as profitable to thyself which shall compel thee to break thy promise, to lose thy self-respect, to hate any man, to suspect, to curse, to act the hypocrite, to desire anything which needs walls and curtains: for he who has preferred to everything intelligence and daemon and the worship of its excellence, acts no tragic part, does not? groan, will not need either solitude or much company; and, what is chief of all, he will live without either pursuing or flying from death; but whether for a longer or a shorter time he shall have the soul inclosed in the body, he cares not at all: for even if he must depart immediately, he will go as readily as if he were going to do anything else which can be done with decency and order; taking care of this only all through life, that his thoughts turn not away from anything which belongs to an intelligent animal and a member of a civil community.
?Notes：
hypocrite [n] a person who pretends to have moral standards or opinions that they do not actually have.
?看了筆記注釋之后，先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：
中文翻譯：
3.5?假如你在人類生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)什么比正義、真理、節(jié)制和堅忍更好的東西，一句話，發(fā)現(xiàn)比你自己心靈的自足更好的東西－這種自足能使你在非你選擇而分派給你的條件下，按照正確的理性行事，我說，如果你看到了比這更好的東西，就以全部身心轉(zhuǎn)向它，享受那你認(rèn)為是最好的東西的快樂吧。然而，如果并沒有什么東西比這更好，比培植在你心中的神性更好－它檢視你所有的愛好，仔細(xì)考察你所有印象，并像蘇格拉底所說，使自身擺脫感官的誘惑，把自身交付給神靈并關(guān)心人類；－如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)所有別的一切都不如它，比它價值要低，就不要給別的東西以地位吧，因為如果你一旦走上岔路、傾向于別的東西，你就將不再能夠集中精力偏愛于那真正適合和屬于你的善的事物了，因為，讓任何別的東西－比方說眾口稱贊、權(quán)力或享受快樂－來同那在理性方面，在政治或?qū)嵺`中善的東西競爭是不對的。
3.6?不要把任何這樣的事情評價為是對你有利的：即那些使你不守諾言、喪失自尊、憎恨、多疑、苛責(zé)、虛偽和欲望一切需要墻和幕的東西的事情，因為那更喜歡他自己的理性、神靈并崇拜神靈的人，他不扮演悲劇的角色，不呻吟，不需要獨入或很多伙伴，最重要的是，他將在生活中不受死的誘惑也不逃避死亡，對于他的靈魂究竟在身體中寄寓多久，他是完全不關(guān)心的。因為，即便他必須馬上離去，他亦將樂意地離去，就仿佛他要去做別的可以正派和體面地去做的事情一樣；他在全部的生命中只關(guān)心這一點：即他的思想不要離開那屬于一個理智的人、屬于一個公民團體的人的一切。
