【經(jīng)典名著閱讀】《紅字》第十三章(上)
作者:Nathaniel Hawthorne
2011-08-23 10:00
Chapter 13 ANOTHER VIEW OF HESTER
第十三章 海絲特的另一面
IN her late singular interview with Mr. Dimmesdale, Hester Prynne was shocked at the condition to which she found the clergyman reduced. His nerve seemed absolutely destroyed. His moral force was abased into more than childish weakness. It grovelled helpless on the ground, even while his intellectual faculties retained their pristine strength, or had perhaps acquired a morbid energy, which disease only could have given them. With her knowledge of a train of circumstances hidden from all others, she could readily infer that, besides the legitimate action of his own conscience, a terrible machinery had been brought to bear, and was still operating, on Mr. Dimmesdale's well-being and repose. Knowing what this poor fallen man had once been, her whole soul was moved by the shuddering terror with which he had appealed to her- the outcast woman- for support against his instinctively discovered enemy. She decided, moreover, that he had a right to her utmost aid. Little accustomed, in her long seclusion from society, to measure her ideas of right and wrong by any standard external to herself, Hester saw- or seemed to see- that there lay a responsibility upon her, in reference to the clergyman, which she owed to no other, nor to the whole world besides. The links that united her to the rest of human kind- links of flowers, or silk, or gold, or whatever the material- had all been broken. Here was the iron link of mutual crime, which neither he nor she could break. Like all other ties, it brought along with it its obligations.
在海絲特·白蘭最近園丁梅斯代爾先生的那次獨特的會面中,她發(fā)現(xiàn)牧師的健康狀況大為下降,并為此深感震驚。他的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)似乎已徹底垮了。他的精神力量已經(jīng)衰頹,低得不如孩子。雖說他的智能還保持著原有的力量,或者說,可能已經(jīng)達到了只有疾病才會造成的一種病態(tài)的亢奮,但他的精神力量已經(jīng)到了無能為力的地步了。由于她了解一系列不為他人所知的隱情,她立即推斷出,在丁梅斯代爾先生自己良知的正?;顒又?,他的寧靜已經(jīng)受到一部可怕的機器的干擾,而且那機器仍在開動,他還得忍受。由于她了解這個可憐的墮落的人的以往,所以當他嚇得心驚膽戰(zhàn)地向她——被人摒棄的女人——求救,要她幫他對付他靠本能發(fā)現(xiàn)的敵人的時候;她的整個靈魂都受到了震動。她還認為,他有權(quán)要她傾力相助。海絲特在長期的與世隔絕之中,已經(jīng)不慣于以任何外界標準來衡量她的念頭的對或錯了,她懂得——或者似乎懂得——她對牧師負有責任,這種責任是她對任何別人、對整個世界都毋庸承擔的。她和別的人類的任何聯(lián)系——無論是花的、是絲的、是銀的,還是隨便什么物質(zhì)的——全都斷絕了。然而他和她之間卻有著共同犯罪的鐵鏈,不管他還是她都不能打破。這一聯(lián)系,如同一切其它紐帶一樣,有與之緊相伴隨的義務(wù)。
Hester Prynne did not now occupy precisely the same position in which we beheld her during the earlier periods of her ignominy. Years had come and gone. Pearl was now seven years old. Her mother, with the scarlet letter on her breast, glittering in its fantastic embroidery, had long been a familiar object to the townspeople. As is apt to be the case when a person stands out in any prominence before the community, and, at the same time, interferes neither with public nor individual interests and convenience, a species of general regard had ultimately grown up in reference to Hester Prynne. It is to the credit of human nature, that, except where its selfishness is brought into play, it loves more readily than it hates. Hatred, by a gradual and quiet process, will even be transformed to love, unless the change be impeded by a continually new irritation of the original feeling of hostility. In this matter of Hester Prynne, there was neither irritation nor irksomeness. She never battled with the public, but submitted, uncomplainingly, to its worst usage; she made no claim upon it, in requital for what she suffered; she did not weigh upon its sympathies. Then, also, the blameless purity of her life during all these years in which she had been set apart to infamy, was reckoned largely in her favour. With nothing now to lose, in the sight of mankind, and with no hope, and seemingly no wish, of gaining anything, it could only be a genuine regard for virtue that had brought back the poor wanderer to its paths.
海絲特·白蘭如今所處的地位已同她當初受辱時我們所看到的并不完全一樣了。春來秋往,年復(fù)一年。珠兒此時已經(jīng)七歲了。她母親胸前閃著的刺繡絕妙的紅字,早已成為鎮(zhèn)上人所熟悉的目標。如果一個人在大家面前有著與眾不同的特殊地位,而同時又不干涉任何公共或個人的利益和方便,他就最終會贏得普遍的尊重,海絲特·白蘭的情況也正是如此除去自私的念頭占了上峰、得以表現(xiàn)之外,愛總要比恨來得容易,這正是人類本性之所在。只要不遭到原有的敵意不斷受到新的挑動的阻礙,恨甚至會通過悄悄漸進的過程轉(zhuǎn)變成愛。就海絲特。白蘭的情況而論,她既沒受到舊恨的挑動,也沒有增添新的慍怒。她從來與世無爭,只是毫無怨尤地屈從于社會的最不公平的待遇;她也沒有因自己的不幸而希冀什么報償;她同樣不依重于人們的同情。于是,在她因犯罪而喪失了權(quán)利、被迫獨處一隅的這些年月里,她生活的純潔無理,大大地贏得了人心。既然她在人們的心目中已經(jīng)再無所失,再無所望,而且似乎也再無所愿去得到什么,那么這個可憐人的迷途知返,也只能被真誠地看作是美德感召的善果了。