1891年,處在寫作生涯巔峰期的王爾德遇見了阿爾弗雷德·“波西”·道格拉斯(Alfred "Bosie" Douglas),兩人很快成為了同性戀人。四年后,因?yàn)檫@段“不敢說出名字的愛”,王爾德被判“有傷 風(fēng)化”罪而入獄。在獄中,王爾德開始反思從前的生活,思索痛苦和人生的意義,藝術(shù)和愛的真諦,最終將那些痛苦的淚水都化作優(yōu) 美而深沉的文字,寫成了這封名為"de profundis"(從深處)的長信。

作者簡介:奧斯卡·王爾德(Oscar Wilde, 1854-1900),英國維多利亞時代著名作家,“唯美主義 運(yùn)動”的領(lǐng)軍人物,倡導(dǎo)“為藝術(shù)而藝術(shù)”(Art for art's sake)。他的代表作有戲劇《莎樂美》(Salome)《認(rèn)真的 重要性》(The Importance of Being Earnest),童話《快樂王子》(The Happy Prince) 《夜鶯與玫瑰》(The Nightingale and the Rose) ,小說《道連·格雷的畫像》(The Picture of Dorian Gray),以及書信《自深深處》(De Profundis)等。

【原著選段】

Behind Joy and Laughter there may be a?temperament, coarse, hard and callous. But?behind Sorrow there is always Sorrow. Pain, unlike?Pleasure, wears no mask. Truth in Art is not any?correspondence between the essential idea and the?accidental existence; it is not the resemblance of?shape to shadow, or of the form mirrored in the?crystal to the form itself: it is no Echo coming from a?hollow hill, any more than it is the well of silver?water in the valley that shows the Moon to the?Moon and Narcissus to Narcissus. Truth in Art?is the unity of a thing with itself: the outward?rendered expressive of the inward: the soul made?incarnate: the body instinct with spirit. For this?reason there is no truth comparable to Sorrow. There?are times when Sorrow seems to me to be the only?truth. Other things may be illusions of the eye or?the appetite, made to blind the one and cloy the?other, but out of Sorrow have the worlds been?built, and at the birth of a child or a star there is pain.

【朱純深譯本】

歡樂與歡笑背后可能藏著一種性情,一種粗俗、刻薄、冷酷的性情。但悲愴的背后卻永遠(yuǎn)是悲愴。痛苦,不像痛快,是不戴面具的 。藝術(shù)的真實(shí),不在于本質(zhì)的意念和偶然的存在之間的任何對應(yīng);不是形與影的相似,或者說形式本身同映在水晶中的那個形式的相似;也 不是空山回音,或者幽谷中的一汪清水,把月亮倒映給月亮,把水仙倒映給水仙。藝術(shù)的真實(shí)是事物同其本身的整合,達(dá)成的外形表達(dá)著內(nèi) 涵,使靈魂獲得肉身,使肉體充滿精神?;谶@個理由,就不存在能與悲愴相提并論的真實(shí)。有些時候悲愴似乎是我唯一的真實(shí)。其他的可 能是眼睛或口腹的幻覺,變出來蒙蔽一個撐壞另一個。但天地萬象,是以悲愴建造的,一個孩子、一顆星星的誕生,都伴隨著疼痛。

【讀書筆記】

1、correspondence?n.符合;一致;呼應(yīng);相似之處;通信
【舉例】The outcome has little correspondence with/to the prediction.?結(jié)果與預(yù)測不怎么相符。
There is a lack of correspondence between his words and his actions.?他言行不一。
There are many correspondences between the two plays. 這兩個劇本有許多相似之處。
keep up correspondence with sb. 與某人保持通信

2、essential?a.必要的;本質(zhì)的;基本的;精髓的
【舉例】Food is essential to life.?食物對生命是絕對必要的。
an essential difference?本質(zhì)的差別
an essential requirement for the job 這項(xiàng)工作的基本要求

3、hollow?a.空的;空心的;凹陷的;空洞的;虛偽的
【舉例】a hollow tree?中空的樹
hollow eyes?凹陷的雙眼
hollow joys 空歡喜
a hollow friend 假朋友

4、expressive?a.表達(dá)的;富于表現(xiàn)力的;意味深長的
【舉例】A baby's cry may be expressive of hunger.?嬰兒的啼哭可能表示饑餓。
She has wonderfully expressive eyes.?她有一雙會說話的眼睛。
an expressive silence?意味深長的沉默

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