四、完形填空解題方法及備考策略

(一）詞匯知識(shí)的運(yùn)用（各類詞的用法及搭配、詞語(yǔ)辨析）

1.動(dòng)詞

1）動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)功能（vi./vt./linkv., 接什么樣的賓語(yǔ)，能否接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，接什么樣的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)）

eg.But by using literary texts alongside other texts, teachers can ______ 42 students improve their reading skills.

A. force?????? B. help ? ? ?? C. get ? ? ? ?? D. wish

析：選【B】。只有help 可接help sth.

2)分析上下文情景，注意詞匯與話題的同現(xiàn)

結(jié)構(gòu)是為意思服務(wù)的，在完形填空中大部分選項(xiàng)只看動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)功能是很難判斷的，所以要分析上下文情景。

eg.Father:“Kate and John, a friend of mine is coming here to see me this evening, and I wish to be with him. Will you go up to your own room?” We ______,went to our room and closed the door.

A. punished? B. trembled C. obeyed? D. replied

析：【C】上文父親吩咐她們上樓到自己的房間去，她們?nèi)チ?，說明按父親的吩咐做了，所以選C。

2．代詞（不定代詞/指示代詞; 人稱代詞/物主代詞/反身代詞/疑問代詞/關(guān)系代詞/相互代詞等）

1)不定代詞（some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, no one, one, none, something, anything, nothing ; all, every, each, other, either, neither, both, half, everybody, everyone, everything ; many, much, few, little, a few等）

2)指示代詞（that, this, these, those, such ,same, so）

one 代[C] 泛指，指非限定的一個(gè)；可代人/物

that 代[C] 特指；不可代人；代[U]

this 近指，后指that 遠(yuǎn)指，前指

3)______ is the sports programme. 開始體育節(jié)目。

4)______ is the end of the news. 新聞到此結(jié)束。

Keys: 3)This ; 4)That

3.名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞（依上下文語(yǔ)義/語(yǔ)境要求，搭配，話題來選）

4.同義詞/近義詞/形似詞

1)詞的搭配能力(rise/raise, hope/wish)

如：demand (of sb.) to do sth. ; pick one’s pocket;

request/require sb. to do sth.;? rob sb. of sth. ; steal sth. from sb.

2)單詞的適用范圍/場(chǎng)合

如：voice/sound/noise; defend/protect/guard ,ask/beg，kill/murder等

3)單詞的感情色彩

如：die 中性詞，pass away 表示對(duì)死者的尊敬

4)過程與結(jié)果的不同

look for/search 重過程; find/discover 重結(jié)果

5)區(qū)分結(jié)構(gòu)類似而意思不同的表達(dá)法

如：be used to do sth./be used to doing sth./used do sth.;

take place/take one’s place/take the place of;

can’t help do sth./can’t help doing sth./can’t help but do sth.

6)注意有意識(shí)與無意識(shí)

如：notice:表無意識(shí)行為，observe/watch/see 表有意識(shí)行為