詞匯：

1.? cryptic?????????????????? 隱藏的，保護(hù)的
????cryptic coloring???? 保護(hù)色，隱藏色
2.? predaceous??????????????? 食肉的，捕食其他動物的。
3.? vertebrate???????????????? 脊椎動物門
4.? tint?????????????????????? 色澤，色彩
5.?? zebra??????????????????? 斑馬
6.?? Sargasso???????????????? 果本馬尾藻
7.?? twig???????????????????? 嫩枝
8.?? lichen?????????????????? 地衣
9.?? flake??????????????????? 一片
10.? gradation??????????????? 等級，層次，分等
11.? obliterate??????????????? 涂抹，擦去，使消失
12.? larva??????????????????? 幼蟲，幼體
13.? pupa??????????????????? 蛹
14.? mimicry???????????????? 模仿，擬態(tài)
15.? nocturnal??????????????? 夜間發(fā)生的，夜出的
16.? insectivorous???????????? 食蟲的
17.? procryptic??????????????? 有保護(hù)色的，保護(hù)性的????

難句譯注：

1.?…the rapidity of movement which is also made use of by both pursuer and pursued, which is similarly raised to a maximum in both by the gradual dying out of the slowest through a series of generations.
[參考譯文]? 追捕動物和被追的動物也利用快速的動作。這種快速的運(yùn)動同樣是通過幾代更迭，逐漸消除了慢速，而發(fā)展到快速頂峰。

2.?Protective resemblance is far commoner among animals than aggressive resemblance, in correspondence with the fact that predaceous forms are as a rule much larger and much less numerous than their prey.
[參考譯文]? 保護(hù)性模仿遠(yuǎn)比侵犯行模仿要普遍得多，這是和下述的情況想配合的：食肉的（形式）動物，按慣律總是比他們捕食的對象要大而且多得多。

3.?The effect of a uniform appearance may be produced by a combination of tints in startling contrast.
[參考譯文]? 在驚人的對比中，色澤的綜合可能產(chǎn)生外形一致的效果。

4.?…their proportion is such as exactly to match the pale tint which arid ground possesses when seen by moonlight.
[參考譯文]? （這里指斑馬的黑白條）比例正好和在月光下觀看貧瘠土地所具有的蒼白色澤相吻合。

5.?In these environments the cryptic coloring of animals is usually aided by special modifications of shape, and by the instinct which leads them to assume particular attitudes.
[參考譯文]? 在這些環(huán)境中，動物的保護(hù)色常常得到特定的形狀變化和本能的協(xié)作，這種本能會使動物采取特定的姿勢。

6.?Complete stillness and the assumption of a certain attitude play an essential part in general resemblance on land; but in special resemblance the attitude is often highly specialized…
[參考譯文]　絕對靜態(tài)和采取一般姿勢在陸地的一般模仿中起很大作用，而在專門模仿中，姿勢常常是高度專門化的。

7.?Thus the arrangement of colors of many kinds into an appropriate pattern requires the cooperation of a suitable shape and the rigidly exact adoption of a certain elaborate attitude.
[參考譯文]? 因此許多類顏色排列成恰當(dāng)?shù)哪Ｊ?形式，要求把合適的外形和嚴(yán)格的采用一定的精心設(shè)計(jì)的姿勢相結(jié)合。

8.?The cryptic effect is due to the exact cooperation of all these factors; and in the present state of science, the only possible hole of an interpretation lies in the theory of natural selection, which can accumulate any and every variation which tends toward survival.
[參考譯文]? 保護(hù)效果是由于所以這些因素確切合作而形成。根據(jù)目前科學(xué)水平，唯一的解釋（此種現(xiàn)象）就是自然選擇理論，它可以累積要生存的各種變異/變種。

寫作方法與文章大意:

文章以一般到具體的協(xié)作和分類方式寫作，第一段點(diǎn)出生物界生存競爭中最常用的一種顏色是保護(hù)色，保護(hù)色可分為兩類：進(jìn)犯（進(jìn)攻）型和防衛(wèi)型。一般是防御性保護(hù)色多于進(jìn)攻型。而兩種類型都可歸納為一般性模仿和專門（特定）模仿。居住（棲息）在單一色澤的地方的動物，如海洋或沙漠，常采用模仿性保護(hù)色——如透明的綠色，土色等，而特定摸剛的動物則棲息在多樣性的地方，如海岸，淺水，海洋表面等。特定模仿還需要有改變形狀姿勢之協(xié)作，使其看起來像客觀環(huán)境中的某物，某種身份mistaken identify.
第二段涉及有關(guān)模仿性的解釋的探索，結(jié)果為二。一種觀點(diǎn)是環(huán)境直接影響的結(jié)果。第二種是自然選擇的結(jié)果。當(dāng)人們理解了許多特定模仿的復(fù)雜特性時(shí)，第一種解釋就不能成立了。這說明保護(hù)效果是一切因素——合適的外形和某種精心設(shè)計(jì)的姿勢等——合作而成。按現(xiàn)在科學(xué)水平來解釋，只能歸之“自然選擇”理論，然后是用具體例子來證實(shí)。