1.水上運動

2.箭術

3. Badminton
3.羽毛球

4. Baseball
4.棒球

5. Boxing
5.拳擊

6. Canoe
6.獨木舟

7.馬術

8. Fencing
8.劍術

9. Gymnastics
9.體操

10. Handball
10.手球

11. Hockey
11.曲棍球

12. Judo
12.柔道

13. Modern pentathlon
13.現代五項全能

14. Rowing
14.賽艇

15. Shooting
15.射擊

16.跆拳道

17.三項全能運動

18. Volleyball
18.排球

19. Weightlifting
19.舉重

20.摔跤

The summer Olympics consists of 28 sports with 38 disciplines. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.
夏季奧林匹克運動會包括28個大項，38個小項。國際奧組委（IOC）設置了這些運動的等級、科目以及項目。

For example swimming and water polo are disciplines of the sport Aquatics. In their turn, disciplines can be subdivided into events, for which medals are actually awarded.
比如游泳和水球都是水上運動的分項。而他們分別又可以再分為各個小項，獎牌其實是授予小項運動贏家的。