伴隨狀語是指狀語的動作伴隨主句發(fā)生,它的特點是:它所表達(dá)的動作或狀態(tài)是伴隨著句子謂語動詞的動作而發(fā)生或存在的。伴隨狀語的邏輯主語一般情況下必須是全句的主語,伴隨狀語與謂語動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)是同時發(fā)生的。

一、伴隨狀語的用法

(1)使用分詞形式

The dog entered the room, following his master(這條狗跟著主人進(jìn)了屋)。The master entered the room,followed by his dog(主人進(jìn)了屋,后面跟著他的狗)。

(2)用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

The little girls were playing with snow with their hands frozen red(小女孩們在玩雪,手都凍紅了)。

(3)用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

The little boy goes to school, the little dog accompanying him every day(這小孩每天去上學(xué),那條小狗陪伴著他)。

(4)用形容詞

Crusoe went home, full of fear(克魯索滿懷恐懼地回家)。Confident of the victory the players are fighting hard(運動員們對比賽奪勝滿懷信心奮力拼搏)。

(5)用名詞

He went away a beggar but retumed a millionaire(他討吃要飯離家,腰纏萬貫回歸)。He who had been twice prime minister of the country, died civilian(他曾兩度出任這個國家的,而死的時候卻是一個平民)。

(6)用介詞短語

The girl came back to her mother in tears.(這女孩眼淚汪汪地回到母親身邊)。How can you go to the wedding party in rags(你怎能衣衫襤褸地去參加婚宴)?I went home out of breath(我上氣不接下氣地回家)。

擴(kuò)展資料

1、伴隨狀語可用現(xiàn)在分詞也可用過去分詞

He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased.

本句有三個并列謂語,looking 部分為伴隨狀語。

例題 1)He held up his finger ,_______ a face and nodded his head. B. made

答案:B.此題有and ,需連接并列結(jié)構(gòu),所填詞的形式應(yīng)與前后保持一致。

2) He sat there in silence, _______sad and doing nothing. A. looking B. looked

答案:A.此題and 之后ing形式,其前面也應(yīng)該用ing形式,而不能與前面的sat并列。

3)He sat there in silence ,______ nothing.

答案:A.此題才是在逗號之后,需要伴隨狀誤。

4)He set out early, ________ there on time . ng B. and arrived

答案:B.此題兩種選項從形式看都有可能,但根據(jù)意思看,“到達(dá)”并不伴隨“出發(fā)”的動作,而是明顯地有先有后。

5)He made a smile, _____ with the result. A. satisfying B. satisfied

答案:B.伴隨狀語可用現(xiàn)在分詞也可用過去分詞,此處表示“感到滿意”的一種狀態(tài),而satisfying表示令人滿意的,此時的satisfied是過去分詞,而不是過去式。

2、be about to do sth.

be about to do sth. 正要、即將做某事。是將來時的一種表達(dá)方式,表示最近的將來。

①I was about to go to bed when he called.我正要去睡覺,這時他打來了電話。

②When I saw Tom, he was about to get on the bus.我看到湯姆,他正要上汽車。

注意:be about to 通常不用于帶有具體時間狀語的句子,但可用be going to 表示。

①Hurry up! They are about to start.快點!他們就要走了。

②Hurry up! They are going to start at 10 o’clock.快點!10點鐘他們就要走了。

3、be ahead of

該詞組有兩層意思,一是“優(yōu)于”,“超過”;二是“比……早”,“在……的前面”。如:

He is well ahead of all the other students in English.

be angry with sb.生某人的氣。

be angry at/about sth.因某事而生氣。

①Don’t be angry with me for my being late?不要因為我遲到而生我的氣。

②What are you angry about?你生什么氣?

③He was angry at being kept waiting for so long.讓他等了這么久,他很生氣。

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伴隨狀語的特點是它所表達(dá)的動作或狀態(tài)是伴隨著句子謂語動詞的動作而發(fā)生或存在的。它不僅可以由非謂語動詞形式構(gòu)成,還可以由形容詞、名詞等構(gòu)成,主要起到補充說明主句中動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)的作用。