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2023年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯常考話題預(yù)測(cè)（8）：中國(guó)文化符號(hào)話題

預(yù)測(cè)一

中國(guó)人每天都在使用筷子(chopsticks),這在很多外國(guó)朋友眼里似乎是一個(gè)奇跡。歷史記載表明筷子的使用已有3000年的歷史。在古代，富人用金子制成筷子以顯示其富有?？曜舆€有其他功能,比如過(guò)去人們用銀制的筷子檢查他們的食物是否被人投了毒。現(xiàn)在，許多外國(guó)朋友在訪問(wèn)中國(guó)的時(shí)候都使用筷子。據(jù)說(shuō)，尼克松(Nixon)總統(tǒng)到中國(guó)訪問(wèn)時(shí),在歡迎宴會(huì)上也使用了筷子。

參考譯文：

Chinese people use chopsticks every day, which seems a wonder to many foreigners. Historical records show that the use of chopsticks dates back to three thousand years ago. In ancient times, the rich used gold chopsticks to display their wealth. Chopsticks have many other functions as well. In the past, for example, people used silver chopsticks to see if their food was poisoned. Nowadays many foreign friends try to use chopsticks when they visit China. It's said that President Nixon also used chopsticks at the welcoming banquet when he visited China.

預(yù)測(cè)二

中國(guó)結(jié)(Chinese knot)是中國(guó)文化的典型代表之一。中國(guó)結(jié)源于古代，當(dāng)時(shí)人們用系結(jié)的方式來(lái)記事,在唐宋時(shí)期(the Tang and Song Dynasties)逐漸發(fā)展成為一種飾品，并在明清時(shí)期(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)開(kāi)始盛行至今。中國(guó)結(jié)象征著團(tuán)結(jié)、友誼、和平、熱情和愛(ài)情等。制作中國(guó)結(jié)的材料多種多樣，如棉線、絲編、尼龍(nylon)、皮革，甚至是一些貴重金屬。如今,中國(guó)結(jié)在世界各地廣受歡迎。

參考譯文：

Chinese knot is one of the typical symbols of Chinese culture. It appeared in ancient times when people tied knots to keep records. It developed gradually as a type of decoration during the Tang and Song Dynasties, and prevailed from the Ming and Qing Dynasties up to now.Chinese knot means reunion, friendship, peace, warmth, and love, etc. Materials used to make the knots are various, such as cotton, silk, nylon, leather and even precious metals. Today, Chinese knot is popular in many parts of the world.

預(yù)測(cè)三

中國(guó)書(shū)法作為漢字書(shū)寫(xiě)的藝術(shù),具有非常悠久的歷史。它是中國(guó)藝術(shù)的最高形式之一,既能傳達(dá)思想,又能展示線條抽象的美感。人們還普遍認(rèn)為,練習(xí)書(shū)法能夠使人保持身體健康。中國(guó)歷史上的書(shū)法家多有長(zhǎng)壽之輩,也證實(shí)了這一說(shuō)法。人們?cè)诰毩?xí)書(shū)法時(shí)全神貫注,被書(shū)法作品的魅力深深吸引,從而對(duì)令人不快的事情視而不見(jiàn),聽(tīng)而不聞,取而代之的是一種平靜和輕松,以及一種舒適怡然的心理狀態(tài),這對(duì)身心大有裨益。

參考譯文：

As an art of writing Chinese characters, Chinese calligraphy boasts a considerably long history. It is one of the highest forms of Chinese art, serving the purposes of conveying thoughts and showcasing the abstract beauty of lines of Chinese characters. It is also widely acknowledged that Chinese calligraphy plays a part in preserving the health of those who practice it, which is supported by the long lives of many calligraphers in Chinese history. When one is practicing calligraphy, he or she highly concentrates and is spellbound by the charm of the work, turning a blind eye and a deaf ear to unpleasant things. A sense of calm and relaxation and a comfortable psychological state take them over, which is highly beneficial to both the body and mind.

預(yù)測(cè)四

中國(guó)有著悠久的扇子文化。最早的扇子出現(xiàn)在3000年前，由羽毛制成。如今，扇子的制作材料已變得多樣化，最常用的是紙和真絲。扇子的用途很廣泛，除了能使人涼快之外，還可用于舞蹈、裝飾等。在中國(guó)文化里，與其說(shuō)扇子是個(gè)工具，不如說(shuō)它是一個(gè)藝術(shù)品。扇面上的書(shū)法(calligraphy)、繪畫(huà)和詩(shī)歌為扇子增添了藝術(shù)價(jià)值，使扇子為歷代收藏家所珍愛(ài)。

參考譯文：?

China has a long history of fan culture.The first fan came into being 3,000 years ago and was made of bird feathers. Nowadays, there are various materials for fan making,among which paper and silk are the most commonly used. Fans are used widely. Apart from cooling people they can also be used for dance, decoration and so on. In Chinese culture, a fan is a work of art rather than a tool. The calligraphy, paintings or poems on both sides of the fans add artistic values to them, making them the treasures of many collectors.

預(yù)測(cè)五

紅籠(lantern)是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的手工藝品(handicraft)，是中國(guó)的象征。它源于漢代(the Han Dynasty)，在唐宋時(shí)期(the Tang and Song Dynasties)最為繁盛。起初，人們?cè)陂T(mén)口懸掛燈籠只是用來(lái)辟邪。后來(lái)在節(jié)假日時(shí)也懸掛燈籠以增添喜慶的氣氛。燈籠的樣式很多，除了圓形和方形外,還有花、鳥(niǎo)、魚(yú)的形狀，通常以紙和絲綢為主要制作原料。每年的元宵節(jié)(the Lantern Festival)，全國(guó)各地的人們制作出漂亮的燈籠來(lái)歡慶節(jié)日。

參考譯文：

Lantern, a symbol of China, is a Chinese traditional handicraft. It came into being in the Han Dynasty, and its popularity peaked in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Originally, people hang the lanterns in front of their doors only to drive away evil spirits. Later,lanterns are also hung on holidays and festivals to add joyous atmosphere. The designs of lanterns are various. Apart from round and square, the lanterns can be shaped into flowers, birds, and fish, and they are mainly made of paper and silk. On Lantern Festivals, people all over the country make beautiful lanterns to celebrate the festival.

預(yù)測(cè)六

年畫(huà)(New Year Picture)是中國(guó)特有的一種繪畫(huà)體裁。貼年畫(huà)的習(xí)俗源于在房子的大門(mén)上貼門(mén)神(Door Gods)的傳統(tǒng)。傳統(tǒng)年畫(huà)以精美的木刻(block print)和鮮艷的色彩聞名。主題主要是花鳥(niǎo)、可愛(ài)的嬰兒、神話傳說(shuō)與歷史故事等，表達(dá)人們祈望豐收的愿望和對(duì)幸福生活的憧憬。隨著印刷技術(shù)的提高，制作年畫(huà)的材料也不斷增多。這種傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)形式如今仍充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)，深受人們喜愛(ài)。

參考譯文：

New Year Picture is a unique type of painting in China. The custom of pasting New Year Pictures came from the tradition of pasting Door Gods on the external doors of houses. The traditional New Year Pictures are well-known for their elaborate block print and bright colors. Their subjects are mainly flowers and birds, lovely babies, myths and legends, and historical stories, etc, conveying people's wishes for a good harvest and a happy life. With the improvement of printing technologies, there are more and more new materials for New Year Pictures. This traditional art form is still full of vigor today and is deeply loved by people.

預(yù)測(cè)七

為了讓人們更好地記住年份，我們的祖先用12只動(dòng)物來(lái)代表年份。即“十二生肖”(Chinese Zodiac)。每一年由一種動(dòng)物代表，每隔12年進(jìn)行一個(gè)循環(huán)，從鼠開(kāi)始，以豬為結(jié)尾。每一種動(dòng)物還有其獨(dú)特的文化內(nèi)涵(cultural connotation}。例如，牛年出生的人據(jù)說(shuō)“勤奮、冷靜、可靠”，虎年出生的人則“強(qiáng)大、勇敢、但又急躁”。十二生肖在亞洲的其他國(guó)家，如韓國(guó)和日本也很流行。

參考譯文：?

In order to remember the years more easily, our ancestors used twelve animals to represent the years, which is called the"Chinese Zodiac". Every year is represented by an animal and every 12 years comes in a circle beginning with Rat and ending with Pig. Each animal has its unique cultural connotations. For example, a person born in the Year of Oxis said to be hard-working, calm, and reliable, while a person born in the Year of Tiger is powerful, brave, and impatient. The Chinese Zodiac remains popular as well in other Asian countries, such as Korea and Japan.

預(yù)測(cè)八

廟會(huì)(temple fair)是中國(guó)一種傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日活動(dòng)。它源于古代人們的祭祀儀式(sacrificial ceremony)，逐漸演變成物品交流的集市和文化表演的場(chǎng)所。廟會(huì)一般在寺廟里或寺廟附近的空地上舉行。雖然各地舉辦廟會(huì)的日子有所不同，但活動(dòng)內(nèi)容都差不多。老百姓從四面八方趕來(lái)，買(mǎi)賣(mài)物品、觀看表演、品嘗小吃。近幾年來(lái)，廟會(huì)已經(jīng)成為人們欣賞民間藝術(shù)和體驗(yàn)傳統(tǒng)文化的首選之地。

參考譯文：

The temple fair is a kind of traditional festival activity in China. It originated from the ancient sacrificial ceremonies and gradually evolved into a marketplace for people to exchange articles and a place for a cultural performance. The temple fair is usually held on the open ground in or near a temple. Although temple fairs in different places are held on various dates, their activities are alike. People come from far and wide to the temple fair to buy and sell goods, watch performances, and tasty snacks. In recent years, temple fairs have become a priority place for people to appreciate folk arts and experience traditional culture.

預(yù)測(cè)九

漢字(Chinese character)是世界上最古老的文字之一。它在古時(shí)由漢族人所創(chuàng)造，歷史甚至可以追溯到五千年前。所以，漢字的起源也可以被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)古文明的開(kāi)端。漢字這個(gè)名字,得名于漢族和漢朝。漢字是迄今為止連續(xù)使用時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的書(shū)寫(xiě)系統(tǒng)，集發(fā)音、形象和詞義三者于一體，這在世界文字中是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。漢字往往可以引起人們美妙而大膽的聯(lián)想，給人以美感。漢字體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)歷史和深遠(yuǎn)思想的精髓，是中國(guó)最寶貴的文化遺產(chǎn)。

參考譯文：

The Chinese character, one of the most ancient characters in the world, was created by the Han Nationality in ancient times, which could be traced back to 5,000 years ago. So the origin of Chinese characters can also be regarded as the beginning of ancient Chinese civilization. Chinese character is named after Han Nationality and Han Dynasty. Being the oldest continuously used writing system in the world so far, Chinese character is a combination of pronunciation, shape, and meaning, which is unique in the world. Chinese characters can often arouse wonderful and wild fancy, bringing people a sense of beauty. The Chinese character displays the essence of Chinese history and deep thought and is considered the most valuable cultural heritage of China.

預(yù)測(cè)十

中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)（Chinese traditional painting）起源于約 6000 年前。紙張發(fā)明以前，人們主要用陶器（pottery）和絲綢作畫(huà)。隨著唐朝經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的繁榮，傳統(tǒng)國(guó)畫(huà)逐漸興盛起來(lái)。山水畫(huà)（landscape）是中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)的主要種類(lèi)之一，主要描繪了中國(guó)各地的山川大河和瑰麗的自然風(fēng)光。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，國(guó)畫(huà)的發(fā)展折射了時(shí)代和社會(huì)的變遷。當(dāng)今，經(jīng)典國(guó)畫(huà)主要收藏和展覽于美術(shù)館，供中外游客欣賞。

參考譯文：

Chinese traditional painting dates back to about 6,000 years ago. Before paper was invented, the pottery and silk were mainly used for painting. With the economic and cultural prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, it has gradually gained prosperity. The landscape is one of the major kinds in traditional Chinese painting, mainly depicting great mountains and rivers in various places and the gorgeous natural landscape of China. Over the centuries, the growth of Chinese painting has reflected the change of time and social conditions. Nowadays, the classic Chinese traditional paintings are mainly collected and exhibited in art museums, and appreciated by tourists from China and abroad.

預(yù)測(cè)十一

中國(guó)龍一直是吉祥的象征，在中國(guó)人心目中占據(jù)著不可替代的位置。中國(guó)人常常自稱(chēng)為“龍的傳人”。在封建社會(huì)，龍一直是皇帝和皇權(quán)的象征。進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代社會(huì)以后，龍逐漸演變?yōu)榧槲?mascot)，含有騰飛、成功、開(kāi)拓、創(chuàng)造等寓意。龍還被認(rèn)為是美麗、友好的，并且充滿(mǎn)了智慧它能給老百姓帶來(lái)好的運(yùn)氣，給國(guó)家?guī)?lái)繁榮昌盛，而且象征著人類(lèi)社會(huì)與大自然的和諧相處。

參考譯文：

The Chinese dragon has long been a symbol of auspiciousness, and has an irreplaceable position in the mind of Chinese people who often call themselves “descendants of the dragon”. During the feudal period, the dragon used to serve as a symbol of the emperor and imperial authority. In modern society, it has gradually become a mascot which signifies growth, success, hard work and creativity. Considered beautiful, friendly and filled with wisdom, the dragon is believed to be able to bring good luck to ordinary people and prosperity to the country. It also symbolizes the harmony between human society and nature.

預(yù)測(cè)十二

玉(jade)是一種天然的礦產(chǎn),質(zhì)地堅(jiān)硬,色彩多樣。古人認(rèn)為玉能益壽延年、保佑平安,所以中國(guó)和亞洲其他國(guó)家的人們都喜歡佩戴玉制飾品?，F(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)證明玉所含的礦物質(zhì)的確有利于身體健康。中國(guó)許多地方都出產(chǎn)玉石,以新疆和田玉最為著名。在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中,玉常常和高貴的品質(zhì)聯(lián)系在一起,而玉器工藝也表現(xiàn)出中國(guó)人民的聰明智慧和創(chuàng)造才能。因此,北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)獎(jiǎng)牌使用了“金鑲玉”(jade inlaid)的制作工藝,向世界傳播中國(guó)玉文化。

參考譯文：

Jade is a natural mineral with hard texture and various colors. Ancient people believed that jade could prolong life and keep the wearer safe, so the people of China and other Asian countries like wearing jade accessories. Modern medicine proves that the minerals contained in jade are really beneficial to health. Many places in China produce jade, and the most famous is Hetian jade in Xinjiang. In traditional Chinese culture jade is often related with noble quality and jade craft shows the wisdom and creativity of Chinese people. Therefore, medals of Beijing Olympic Games were made by using the craft of jade inlaid to spread Chinese jade culture to the world.

預(yù)測(cè)十三

瓷器(porcelain)起源于中國(guó)，是中華民族對(duì)世界文明做出的偉大貢獻(xiàn)?！按善鳌迸c國(guó)家名“中國(guó)”在英文中同為一詞。這一現(xiàn)象充分說(shuō)明精美的中國(guó)瓷器完全可以作為中國(guó)的標(biāo)志。瓷器，因其外觀美、強(qiáng)度高而價(jià)值不菲。早在歐洲人掌握瓷器制造技術(shù)的1000年之前，中國(guó)人就已經(jīng)制造很精美的陶瓷器(chinaware)。提到瓷器，就不能不提景德鎮(zhèn)。景德鎮(zhèn)因瓷而聞名，享有“瓷都”的美譽(yù)。景德鎮(zhèn)瓷器產(chǎn)品以其精湛的工藝(workmanship)、美麗的造型、精致的圖案和迷人的色彩享譽(yù)世界。

參考譯文：

Porcelain, which originated in China, is a great contribution of Chinese to the world civilization. In English, the word“china”,which means porcelain,is the same as “China”, the country's name.This phenomenon fully indicates that exquisite china can be the symbol of China. Porcelain is quite valuable for its beauty and strength. One thousand years before the Europeans grasped porcelain manufacturing techniques,Chinese people had been able to make sophisticated chinaware.When talking about porcelain, we have to mention Jingdezhen, which is famous for porcelain and reputed as the“Porcelain Capital”.The porcelain products of Jingdezhen enjoy a good reputation all over the world for their fine workmanship,beautiful design delicate patterns and attractive colors.

預(yù)測(cè)十四

秧歌(the Yangko dance)是幾百年前農(nóng)民在稻田里勞作時(shí)創(chuàng)作的一種傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)民間舞蹈。扭秧歌時(shí)，舞者跟隨音樂(lè)節(jié)奏(rhythm)扭動(dòng)身體，步伐夸張，將古老的故事以一種新的形式呈現(xiàn)給觀眾。熱鬧的場(chǎng)面、豐富的舞蹈語(yǔ)言、興高采烈的手勢(shì)和生動(dòng)的表演形式使得秧歌深受中國(guó)人民的喜愛(ài)。每逢重大節(jié)日，人們都會(huì)自發(fā)地舉辦秧歌表演。在場(chǎng)的所有人都聚精會(huì)神地觀看演出，欣賞和感受著舞者的感情，全然忘記了自己生活中的煩惱。

參考譯文：

The Yangko dance is a traditional Chinese folk dance created by farmers when they worked in the rice fields hundreds of years ago. During the dance, the dancers sway their bodies to musical rhythms and walk at an exaggerated pace to present old stories to the audience in a new style. Thanks to its jolly scene, abundant dance language, exuberant gestures, and vivid performing style, it is always favored by the Chinese. People will organize Yangko dance performances spontaneously whenever there is a grand festival. All the people present are concentrating on the performance, appreciating and sharing the feelings of the dancers, and forgetting the troubles in their own life.

預(yù)測(cè)十五

孔雀舞(peacock dance)是傣族(Dai ethnic group)最廣泛流傳的古代舞蹈之一，同時(shí)也是傣族最受喜愛(ài)的舞蹈。對(duì)傣族來(lái)說(shuō)，孔雀象征著好運(yùn)、幸福、美麗和誠(chéng)實(shí)，所以跳孔雀舞是為了歌頌美好的生活，表達(dá)對(duì)幸福生活的美好的祝愿。孔雀舞主要在傣歷的新年-潑水節(jié)(the Water-splashing Festival)、關(guān)門(mén)節(jié)(the Gate Closing Festival)、開(kāi)門(mén)節(jié)(the Gate Opening Festival)和一些重要的宗教活動(dòng)上表演。他們通過(guò)跳優(yōu)雅的孔雀舞來(lái)祈求和平與幸福。

參考譯文：

The peacock dance is one of the most widespread ancient dances and also the best-loved dance of the Dai ethnic group. To the Dai people, the peacock is a symbol of good luck, happiness, beauty and honesty. So to perform this dance is to present a eulogy of the good life and express good wishes for a happy life. It is mostly performed on the New Year (Water-splashing Festival) of the Dai calendar, at the Gate Closing Festival, the Gate Opening Festival and some important religious events. They pray for peace and happiness with graceful peacock dancing.

預(yù)測(cè)十六

廣場(chǎng)舞是舞蹈藝術(shù)中最龐大的系統(tǒng)，因多在廣場(chǎng)聚集而得名。融自?shī)市耘c表演性為一體，以集體舞為主要表演形式，以?shī)蕵?lè)身心為主要目的。廣場(chǎng)舞在公共場(chǎng)所由群眾自發(fā)組織，參與者多為中老年人，其中又以婦女居多。廣場(chǎng)舞是人民群眾創(chuàng)造的舞蹈，是專(zhuān)屬于人民群眾的舞蹈，因?yàn)槊褡宓牟煌?，地域的不同，群體的不同所以廣場(chǎng)舞的舞蹈形式也不同。

參考譯文：

Square dance is the biggest system in the art of dance. It is so named because in most cases people gather in squares. With self-entertainment and performability integrated as a whole, its main form of performance is group dancing, and its main purpose is to entertain both the mind and the body. Square dance is organized by people voluntarily in public places, and the participants are mostly middle-aged and elderly people, most of whom are women. Square dance is created by the people and belongs to the people. The forms of square dance vary due to different nationalities, areas, and groups.