專八輔導(dǎo):人文知識沖刺(7)
練習(xí)題:?
1?How?many?members?are?there?in?the?House?of?Commons?
A 650
B 524
C 72
D 651
2?Which?of?the?following?people?didn’t?use?to?be?the?British?Prime?Minister?
A Margaret Thatcher
B Winston Churchill
C Horatio Nelson
D John Major
3?By?tradition,?the?leader?of?the?majority?party?is?appointed?_____?by?the?Sovereign?in?the?United?Kingdom.
A Prime Minister
B Member of Parliament
C Lord of appeal
D Speaker of the House
4?The?Tories?were?the?forerunners?of?_____,?which?still?bears?this?nickname?today.
A the Labour Party
B the Conservative Party
C the Liberal Party
D the Social Democratic Party
5?In?the?United?Kingdom,?the?party?which?wins?the?____?number?of?seats?in?the?House?of?Commons?becomes?the?official?Opposition.
A largest
B second largest
C third largest
D fourth largest
6?The?term?“British?disease”?is?now?often?used?to?characterize?Britain’s?_____?decline.
A political
B educational
C military
D economic
7?The?1980s?was?remembered?as?the?decade?of?_____.
A globalization
B nationalization
C privatization
D competition
8?Today,?in?Britain,?______?is?called?a?“sick”?industry.
A coal mining
B iron and steel
C textiles
D shipbuilding
9?The?first?steam?engine?was?devised?by?Thomas?Newcomer?at?the?end?of?the?17th?century,?and?the?Scottish?inventor?____?modified?and?improved?the?design?in?1765.
A Abraham Darby
B James Watt
C John Kay
D Richard Arkwrightthe
10?_____?created?the?industrial?working?class,?the?proletariat,?and?it?later?led?to?trade?unionism.
A The Chartist Movement
B The Industrial Revolution
C The French Revolution
D The Glorious Revolution
答案(反白可見)
1?D,?下議院共有651名議員。
2?C,?撒切爾夫人,丘吉爾和梅杰都曾經(jīng)做過英國首相;而納爾遜(1758-1805),英國海軍統(tǒng)帥,因作戰(zhàn)負(fù)傷,右眼失明,失去右臂。后任地中海艦隊司令,在特法爾加角海戰(zhàn)中大敗西班牙聯(lián)合艦隊,本人受重傷陣亡,號稱?Viscount?Nelson。
3?A,?在英國,按照傳統(tǒng),多數(shù)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人由君主任命為首相,首相從本黨內(nèi)部挑選一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人擔(dān)任各部部長職位。
4?B,?托利黨是英國保守黨的前身。
5?B,?在英國,在下議院中贏得第二席位的政黨為反對黨,它也有它自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和影子內(nèi)閣(shadow?cabinet)。
6?D,?現(xiàn)在“英國病”這一術(shù)語經(jīng)常用來指英國經(jīng)濟(jì)上的衰退。
7?C,?正如20世紀(jì)40年代被看作是國有化的時代一樣,20世紀(jì)80年代被看作是私有化的時代。包括英國石油、航空、鋼鐵、電訊在內(nèi)的幾乎40%?的國有公司實現(xiàn)了私有化。
8?A,?英國煤礦業(yè)被稱為生病工業(yè)。英國的煤產(chǎn)量在一戰(zhàn)前達(dá)到頂點,如今的英國的煤礦業(yè)衰退,從而導(dǎo)致礦工的數(shù)量、煤礦的總產(chǎn)量大大下降。
9?B,?第一臺蒸汽機(jī)是?Thomas?Newcomer?在17世紀(jì)末設(shè)計的,后來蘇格蘭發(fā)明家瓦特在1765年對原有的設(shè)計進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)提高,生產(chǎn)出了第一臺高效的蒸汽機(jī)并應(yīng)用到紡織和其他機(jī)械業(yè)中。
10?B,?工業(yè)革命產(chǎn)生了工人階級,即無產(chǎn)階級。后來形成了工會制度。
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