備考英語四級的過程中，語法是大家認(rèn)為最難的地方。下面是小編給大家分享的關(guān)于英語四級常考的語法要點，大家可以作為學(xué)習(xí)參考。

非謂語動詞

(一) 分詞

現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別

①、用于句首作狀語，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動

例：Won its war for independence in 1783, the United States then struggled to establish its owneconomic and financial system.

分析：分詞作狀語，主要看是主動還是被動，美國贏得應(yīng)該是主動,所以改won為winning

②、用于名詞后面作后置定語，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動

例：In the nineteenth century the Mohave Indians lived in the Northern Hemisphere grew their crops on river bottom lands.

分析：生活在什么地方的人，人生活是主動，因此改為living

一些動詞后面必須用doing

對于加doing的詞來說，考試中一般出現(xiàn)一個，下面這些詞都是要加doing的，請考生牢記。

mind, finish, enjoy, celebrate, adjust ,advocate, suggest,delay, quit,forgive(原諒)，tolerate，avoid, escape(逃避),spend+名詞+doing;

have trouble/difficult/a problem/ +doing

例：Long before the dawn of recorded history, humans celebrated to harvest their crops.

分析： harvest應(yīng)改為harvesting。及物動詞celebrate直接帶名詞、名詞短語或動名詞短語作賓語，故將to harvest改為harvesting。

例：Some experts have advocated to bring that country into the talks, to revive the intermittent dialogue that began after the 1967 Middle East War.

分析：advocate 后面直接跟doing, 改為advocate bringing

(二) 不定式

A. 動詞不定式的省略

①、help后面可以省略to

help to do

help sb. to do

例：A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid the habits that might shorten the lives.

分析：the應(yīng)改為their. 定冠詞在句中不如代詞所有格明確，如果lives后面有定語就可以用the。

②、使役動詞后面要省略to, 這樣的動詞只有三個

make, let,have sb. do sth

注意get不是使役動詞，get sb. to do sth.

例：A conductor used signals and gestures to let the musicians to know when to play various parts of a composition.

分析：let是使役動詞，后面不需要to, to know改為know

③、感官動詞

hear, feel, watch, see, notice, observe ,see sb do sth.　強(qiáng)調(diào)過程

see sb doing sth 正在做某事

B. 動詞不定式的固定用法

(1)表示第一人

the first woman to do sth.

(2)表示迫使的動詞

一般考三個， allow/ enable/ call, +sb. + to do

例：Besides providing clues to the nature of atoms, mineral analysis allows to speculate geologists about the ancient Earth

分析：allow...to do是固定短語,allow的賓語應(yīng)在不定式之前,即把改為: allow geologists to speculate。

(3)表示傾向…的形容詞

be more likely to do 更有可能作某事

be inclined to do傾向于做某事

be liable to do 易于…的

be apt to do

(4)表示目的的名詞，一共有7個這樣的詞，這一條也是最重要的。

固定的句式：

the purpose , the purpose of sth is to do sth.

the objective 目標(biāo)

aim

goal

reason理由

function功能

intension意圖

例：The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was providing large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.

分析：the function to provide,

例：The chief goal of biochemistry is for understanding the structure and behavior of the carbon-containing compounds that make up various components of a living cell.

分析：the chief goal is to understand

(5) 其他同根名詞

ability to do　受到be able to 的影響

attempt to do 企圖

decision to do 決定, 受decide的影響

ambition,

be ambitious to do

effort

例：For ancient people, myths were often attempts explanation

以上就是小編給大家分享的四級備考要點，希望可以給大家學(xué)習(xí)帶來幫助。