賓語(yǔ)從句是名詞性從句的一種，用來(lái)充作賓語(yǔ)的句子叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。如：He asked what you were doing last night. 他問(wèn)你昨天夜晚在干什么。

在賓語(yǔ)從句中須注意：

1. that 在口語(yǔ)中常被省略，但在正式的文體中，不能??；并且它一般不能引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句，但可引導(dǎo)except, but, in 等少數(shù)介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：

I didn’t know (that) he was Li Lei. 我不知道他就是李蕾。

I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill. 只要我身體舒服，我愿做任何事情來(lái)幫助你。

2. 賓語(yǔ)從句之后帶有補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)成分時(shí)，一般須用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，把賓語(yǔ)從句放到句末，此時(shí)的that不能省。如：

The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys. 那個(gè)男孩已清楚的表明他們不能玩弄他的玩具。

3. 動(dòng)詞advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(堅(jiān)決主張), order, propose, request, suggest(建議)等代的賓語(yǔ)從句須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即：(should) do的形式。

He asked that we (should) get there before nine o’clock. 他要求我們?cè)诰劈c(diǎn)鐘之前趕到那兒。

The teacher advised us that we (should) not waste our time. 老師勸告我們不要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了。

4. 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)須呼應(yīng)。即：

1)當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用任何所需要的時(shí)態(tài)表示。如：

He always says that he is our good friend. 他總是說(shuō)他是我們的好朋友。

When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed. 當(dāng)老師知道我們所干的事情時(shí)，他會(huì)說(shuō)我們做了一件好事。

2)當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用響應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)。如：

He didn’t tell us he came from Shanghai. 他沒(méi)有告訴我們他來(lái)自上海。

He said he had read the book. 他說(shuō)他讀過(guò)這本書。

3)但當(dāng)從句的內(nèi)容是客觀真理或客觀事實(shí)，而不受時(shí)間的限制時(shí)，即使主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：

Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are paper tigers. 毛主席說(shuō)一切帝國(guó)主義者都是紙老虎。

When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world. 我們還是小孩子的時(shí)候，人們就告訴我們說(shuō)中國(guó)在世界的東方。

賓語(yǔ)從句可以分為三類

（1）動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句

1.1 大多數(shù)位于動(dòng)詞后面

? ? ?Eg：I hope you can join us in the game.

1.2 有些是“動(dòng)詞+副詞”后

? ? ?Find out / point out / figure out / turn out/ figure out

? ? ?Eg：Can you figure out what the poet really means in this poem?

1.3 有些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面

? ? ? Make sure / make up one’s mind / keep in mind

? ? ? Eg：we should keep in mind that sports can be a great boost to our health.

(2) it 作形式賓語(yǔ)代替賓語(yǔ)從句

第一類動(dòng)詞： find/ feel/ think/ consider/ make / believe/ guess/ suppose /assume等后面有賓語(yǔ)不足語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要用it 作形式賓語(yǔ)而將that引導(dǎo)的真正的賓語(yǔ)從句后置。

? ? Eg：I think it necessary that we do some sporting.

第二類動(dòng)詞： 帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需要在從句前面加it。這類詞：hate / like/ dislike/ appreciate/ depend on/ see to /

? ? Eg: I hate it when they talk without considering other’s feeling.

但是如果賓語(yǔ)從句是WH-類引導(dǎo)的，其后面有to be 短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不可以用it 代替。

? ? We all consider what you said to be unbelievable. (right)

? ? We all consider it to be unbelievable what you said .(wrong)

(3) 形容詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句

Adj: sure / certain/ glad/ pleased/ happy / afraid / sorry 等等。

Eg：I am not sure whether you will come or not.

3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題

（1）要把疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣改為陳述語(yǔ)氣

? ? ?Eg：I could not understand why you refused this good opportunity.

(2) 賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞that 的省略問(wèn)題

? ? That在一般情況下可以省略，但在一下情況下不可以省略。

a.一個(gè)動(dòng)詞帶有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句，第一個(gè)that可以省略，第二個(gè)和以后的都不可以省略。

? ? ?Eg：Our parents tell us that we should be honest and that we need learn how to share our feelings with others and that we must know how to learn from others.

b.賓語(yǔ)從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接引語(yǔ)

? ? ? Eg：lily told me that she would not come to school tomorrow.

c.有it 作形式賓語(yǔ)

? ? ? Eg：we all consider it important that children need enough sleep.

(3)賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

? 條件：1 主語(yǔ)是第一人稱

? ? ? ? ? ?2 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think/ believe / suppose/ imagine/ guess / expect

意義：“主句否定形式，從句否定意義”

? ? Eg: I don’t believe that you are a good guy.

(4)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

? ? 賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)通常受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響

?1.（主現(xiàn)，從不變）主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)需要選擇時(shí)態(tài)。

? ? ?Eg：I know that you did not finish your homework yesterday.

?2.（主過(guò)，從過(guò)）主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句選擇與過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。

? ? ?Eg：he told me that he had been to America .

3.(主過(guò)，從真理現(xiàn))主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句如果是客觀事實(shí)和永久不變的真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

? ? ?Eg：My mother once told me that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

(5)運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況

? ? 建議 suggest 、advise、propose；

? ? 要求demand 、desire、request；

? ? 決定 decide；

? ? 命令 order、command、require；

? ? 堅(jiān)決主張 insist；

? ? 等動(dòng)詞后跟賓語(yǔ)從句，用（should）+v.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）