考研英語(yǔ)作文核心話題詞匯總結(jié)
有人覺(jué)得英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作非常困難,有沒(méi)有一些規(guī)律能讓這個(gè)題型變得簡(jiǎn)單一些呢?考研英語(yǔ)作文的主題主要有8類,而且一旦考到某一主題,很多主題詞都是通用的。分類記憶一些經(jīng)???、并且可以運(yùn)用到多個(gè)主題的主題詞很有必要。
一、精神品質(zhì)類(極重要)
注:是英語(yǔ)一考查頻度最高的話題。是絕對(duì)的重點(diǎn),
team spirit:團(tuán)隊(duì)精神
teamwork:團(tuán)隊(duì)合作
strengthen mutual cooperation:增強(qiáng)相互合作
patience:耐心
prudence:謹(jǐn)慎
persistence/perseverance:恒心/毅力/堅(jiān)持
give up halfway:半途而廢
endeavor:努力
diligence/painstaking efforts:勤奮
self-dependence/self-reliance/independence:自立
innovation/creativity/criticalthinking:創(chuàng)新
self-confidence:自信
lack of confidence:缺乏自信
modesty:謙虛
striving spirit:奮斗精神
the spirit of competition:拼搏精神
aggressive:有進(jìn)取心的
strong-willed:意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的
tireless:孜孜不倦的
persevering:不屈不撓的
consistent:始終如一的
adversity and hardship:逆境和苦難
a sense of achievement:成就感
sense of honor:榮譽(yù)感
entertain great ambitions:胸懷抱負(fù)
reap without sowing:不勞而獲
haste makes waste:欲速則不達(dá)
utilitarian:功利的,急功近利的
actions:行動(dòng)(take actions:付諸行動(dòng))
down-to-earth:務(wù)實(shí)的
thrift:勤儉
honesty:誠(chéng)信
curiosity:充滿好奇
二、道德類(極重要)
public morality:公德
devotion/dedication:奉獻(xiàn)
charity:慈善
sense of responsibility:責(zé)任感
undertake one'sduties/responsibility:承擔(dān)責(zé)任
avoid one'sduties/responsibility:逃避責(zé)任
traditional virtues:傳統(tǒng)美德
practice filial piety:奉行孝道
selfless devotion:無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)
Patriotism:愛(ài)國(guó)主義
comply with public morality:遵守公德
follow the morals:按道德行事
improve public morals:改進(jìn)社會(huì)風(fēng)氣
safeguard public morals:維護(hù)公共道德
injure public morality:損害公共道德
be public-spirited:有公德心的
the corruption of public morality:公德墮落
the lack of moral sense:道德缺失
the crisis of trust:信任危機(jī)
spit everywhere:隨地吐痰
make noise/talk loudly:大聲喧嘩
littering:亂丟垃圾
empty promise:空洞承諾
false promise:虛假承諾
compete for benefits:爭(zhēng)搶利益
unfair competitions:不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
consumers' rights and interests:消費(fèi)者權(quán)益
disregard the public rules:無(wú)視公共規(guī)章
benevolence:善心仁慈
with heart and soul:全心全意
amicable:友好的
charitable:寬厚的
credibility:信譽(yù),美譽(yù)
fake commodities:偽劣產(chǎn)品
dishonest behaviors:欺詐行為
unaffordable prices of medicines:藥價(jià)虛高
academic corruption:學(xué)術(shù)腐敗
plagiarism:剽竊抄襲
excessive growth:過(guò)度上漲
illegal ads:非法廣告
food safety:食品安全
misdeed/misconduct:不良行為
spirit of contact:契約精神
volunteering service:志愿服務(wù)
volunteer spirit:志愿者精神
三、家庭類或兩代關(guān)系類(重要)
注:1992年以來(lái),家庭類話題在英語(yǔ)(一)大作文中考過(guò)5次,是重要的考查話題。最近一次考的是在2016年。
mutual understanding:相互理解
aging society:老齡化社會(huì)
population aging:人口老齡化
generation gap:代溝
widen/expand generation gap:擴(kuò)大代溝
narrow/bridge generation gap:消除代溝
domestic/family violence:家庭暴力
foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up:撫養(yǎng)
household chores:繁雜家務(wù)
spoil children/dote on children:溺愛(ài)孩子
over-indulgence:縱容溺愛(ài)
only child:獨(dú)生子女
the universal two-child policy:全面二孩政策
a well-off family:小康之家
filial piety:孝道
practice filial piety/fulfill filialduty:奉行孝道
show solicitude for parents:關(guān)心父母
mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents:虐待父母
cousin:堂兄妹,表兄妹
offspring:后代,后輩
ancestor:祖先
四、環(huán)保類(重要)
注:1992年以來(lái),環(huán)保類話題在英語(yǔ)(一)大作文中已考過(guò)3次,是重要的考查話題。
environment-friendly:生態(tài)環(huán)保的
conserve natural habitats:保護(hù)生存環(huán)境
animal rights activist:動(dòng)物權(quán)益保護(hù)者
natural reserve:自然保護(hù)區(qū)
natural resources:自然資源
biodiversity:生物多樣性
extinction:滅絕
wind breaks:防風(fēng)林
sand breaks:防沙林
climate change:氣候變化
greenhouse effect:溫室效應(yīng)
threat of global warming:全球變暖的威脅
develop renewable resources:開(kāi)發(fā)可再生資源
low-carbon economy:低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)
low-carbon lifestyle:低碳生活方式
environmental awareness:環(huán)境意識(shí)
deforestation:森林消失
biodegradable:可生物降解的
environment-friendly products:環(huán)保產(chǎn)品
household garbage:生活垃圾
waste sorting/garbage classification:垃圾分類
motor vehicle pollution:汽車(chē)尾氣污染
public transport:公共交通
green commuting:綠色出行
water and soil erosion:水土流失
soot emissions:煙塵排放
sea water desalinization:海水淡化
create pleasant living environment:創(chuàng)造怡人的生活環(huán)境
air pollution:空氣污染
degradation/deterioration of airquality:空氣質(zhì)量惡化
discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas:排放有毒氣體
acid rain:酸雨
drought:干旱
sandstorm:沙塵暴
toxic waste:有毒廢物
industrial waste:工業(yè)廢物
sewage treatment:污水處理
五、健康類
注:只在1996、1997這兩年考過(guò)。健康類話題英語(yǔ)(二)考查的可能性比較大,自從2010年開(kāi)始英語(yǔ)二考試后還沒(méi)有考過(guò)這類話題,比如給一個(gè)大學(xué)生健康問(wèn)題調(diào)查的圖表以此寫(xiě)相關(guān)的作文。
physical health/fitness:生理健康
mental/psychological health/fitness:心理健康
health concern:健康問(wèn)題
state of health:健康狀況
sub-health:亞健康
public health:公共衛(wèi)生
state of mind:心態(tài)
physical exercises:體育鍛煉
well-balanced diet:均衡飲食
sacrifice health:犧牲健康
junk food:垃圾食品
food additives:食品添加劑
go on a diet:節(jié)食,減肥
infectious disease/illness:傳染病
non-acclimatization:水土不服
relapse:復(fù)發(fā)癥
stupor:昏迷
short-sightedness:近視
malnutrition:營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良
chill:打冷戰(zhàn)
六、文化類(重要)
注:文化類話題是英語(yǔ)(一)大作文的高頻考查話題,1992年以來(lái)已考過(guò)4次,最近一次是在2010年(文化火鍋)。截至目前,已有9年未考了,尤其近年我國(guó)一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)我們的文化自信,所以2020考研務(wù)必重視這個(gè)話題。
culture and civilization:文化和文明
The cultural blending/integration/fusion:文化融合
cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange:文化交流
cultural diversity:文化多元化
multiculturalism:多元文化
cultural identity:文化特性
cultural heritage/legacy:文化遺產(chǎn)
cultural relics:文物
cultural facilities:文化設(shè)施
cultural devolution:文化退化
cultural insights:文化視角
alien/foreign culture:外國(guó)文化
Chinese cultural symbols:中國(guó)文化的符號(hào)
advocate/carry forward traditionalculture:弘揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)文化
undermine traditions:破壞傳統(tǒng)
great and profound:博大精深的
local customs and practices:風(fēng)土人情
cross-cultural communication:跨文化交流
spiritual civilization:精神文明
break with old customs:拋棄傳統(tǒng)
hand down from generation togeneration:代代相傳
minority:少數(shù)民族
national pride:民族自豪
original:原始原創(chuàng)的
charming:極具魅力的
splendid:壯麗輝煌的
talk show:談話節(jié)目
crash:碰撞
collection:收藏品
folk art:民間藝術(shù)
Chinese craze:中國(guó)熱
七、教育類
注:教育類話題英語(yǔ)(二)考查的可能性比較大,近年來(lái)一直強(qiáng)調(diào)的給大學(xué)生增負(fù),有可能以此為背景的調(diào)查作為主題。
compulsory education:義務(wù)教育
life-long education:終身教育
exam/test-oriented education:應(yīng)試教育
quality education:素質(zhì)教育
well-rounded development of a child:全面發(fā)展
balanced development of a child:均衡發(fā)展
cultural quality:文化素質(zhì)
impart knowledge and educate people:教書(shū)育人
intellectual property:知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)
law education:法制教育
teach students according to theiraptitude:因材施教
academic/theoretical knowledge:理論知識(shí)
practical skills:實(shí)用技能
integrate theory with practice:理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際
disconnect theory from practice:理論脫離實(shí)際
shape/mould one's character:塑造性格
extra-curricular activities:課外活動(dòng)
the spirit of exploration:探索精神
cultivate (nurture, foster)creative/original thinking:培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新思維
stifle/constrain/extinguishcreativity:扼殺創(chuàng)造力
sap/dampen student's interest in sth.:挫傷學(xué)生對(duì)某事的興趣
eliminate illiteracy:掃盲
miss a class:缺課
cut a class:曠課
drop out:輟學(xué)
quit school:退學(xué)
assistantship:助學(xué)金
scholarship:獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金
university graduates:大學(xué)畢業(yè)生
pursue post-graduate study/take partin the entrance exams for postgraduates:考研
study abroad/go abroad for furthereducation:出國(guó)留學(xué)
excessive/undue academic pressure:過(guò)大的學(xué)習(xí)壓力
the burden of study/learning:學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)
ease/relieve academic pressure:緩解學(xué)習(xí)壓力
intensify academic pressure:增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)壓力
academic atmosphere:學(xué)習(xí)氣氛
八、經(jīng)濟(jì)類
注:經(jīng)濟(jì)類話題英語(yǔ)(二)考查的可能性比較大。
economic globalization:經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化
recession/bleeding economy:經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣
economic/financial crisis:經(jīng)濟(jì)/金融危機(jī)
economic recovery:經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇
economic prosperity:經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮
job market:就業(yè)市場(chǎng)
look for/hunt for/seek a job:找工作
job seeker:求職者
a tough job market:嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)形勢(shì)
unrealistic salary expectations:不切實(shí)際的薪資期望
pursue a high-paid job:追求高薪工作
lose one's job/be unemployed:失業(yè)
job losses mount, unemployment climbs:失業(yè)加劇
unemployment:失業(yè)人數(shù)
career guidance:就業(yè)指導(dǎo)
decline/recession/depression:萎縮/衰退/蕭條
bubble economy:泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)
demand exceed supply:供不應(yīng)求
turn loss into gains:轉(zhuǎn)虧為盈
stabilize prices:穩(wěn)定物價(jià)
unfair competition:不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
fierce/intense/furious/cut-throatcompetition:激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
fake and inferior product:假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品
after-sale service:售后服務(wù)
brand effect:品牌效應(yīng)
lift/elevate people's standard ofliving:提高人們的生活水平
lower citizens' standard of living:降低居民生活水平
eliminate poverty:消除貧困
spur/stimulate consumption:刺激消費(fèi)
根據(jù)歷年考研英語(yǔ)真題的分類總結(jié)出來(lái)的幾大主題類型的詞匯,很多詞匯都是可以通用在多個(gè)主題中的,這類詞匯尤其需要多記憶一些。這樣才能在寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候有一個(gè)大致的方向,了解到這些之后,希望也能助力你的作文提升。當(dāng)然你也可以來(lái)滬江網(wǎng)校接受專業(yè)的培訓(xùn)。
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