Children should avoid screen time for at least an hour before bedtime and parents should lead by example, according to new guidelines.
根據(jù)新的準(zhǔn)則，孩子們?cè)谌胨耙恍r(shí)應(yīng)該盡量避免接觸電子屏幕，父母?jìng)円惨l(fā)揮榜樣作用。

The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) says parents must ensure youngsters are not spending too long on smartphones, tablets or watching television, which can disturb sleep patterns and have knock-on effects.
英國(guó)皇家兒科與兒童保健學(xué)院(RCPCH)告誡家長(zhǎng)，保證不要讓孩子們花太多的時(shí)間在智能手機(jī)，平板和看電視上面，這些擾亂孩子們的睡眠規(guī)律，還有其他的連帶效應(yīng)。

In a UK first, the college has published guidance designed to help parents manage their children's screen time. Following a major review, they acknowledge that high levels of time are linked to a less healthy diet, a sedentary lifestyle and poorer mental health.
這在英國(guó)是首例，該學(xué)院出臺(tái)指導(dǎo)方案幫助父母管理孩子接觸屏幕的時(shí)間。在一次大規(guī)模的回放中發(fā)現(xiàn)，父母?jìng)兌汲姓J(rèn)屏幕使用時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致不健康的飲食方式，養(yǎng)成久坐的習(xí)慣，心理健康問(wèn)題會(huì)較差。

But experts said there was little evidence that screen time is directly ‘toxic’ to health. They stopped short of setting recommended time limits, saying there is insufficient evidence that screen time in itself is harmful to child health at any age.
但是也有專(zhuān)家稱(chēng)，沒(méi)有證據(jù)顯示玩電子設(shè)備時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短對(duì)于“毒害”健康有直接的關(guān)系。他們沒(méi)有設(shè)定建議的時(shí)間限制，卻稱(chēng)足夠的證據(jù)顯示，屏幕使用時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短會(huì)對(duì)任何年齡段的孩子的健康造成影響

Dr Max Davie, a health officer at the RCPCH, said that children learn 'from example rather than instruction'.He said: ‘It's very difficult to impose [overall] strict limits on your children's screen use if you are constantly on screens yourself. Parents need to get control of their own screen time if they are going to get control of the family's screen time. It's much easier to be authoritative if you practise what you preach.’
在英國(guó)皇家兒科與兒童保健學(xué)院的一位工作人員——Max Davie博士表示，：“孩子的學(xué)習(xí)模式是模仿，而不是引導(dǎo)。如果你自己都一直要看屏幕的話，那么對(duì)于得孩子進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的屏幕時(shí)間控制是非常困難的。父母親如果想要控制整個(gè)家庭使用屏幕時(shí)間，必須要以身作則。自己先踐行自己的推崇，樹(shù)立權(quán)威性才更簡(jiǎn)單?！?/div>

They suggested that parents should approach screen time based on the child's developmental age, the individual need and value the family place on positive activities such as socialising, exercise and sleep.
專(zhuān)家建議父母應(yīng)該基于孩子的成長(zhǎng)發(fā)育、個(gè)人需求的情況對(duì)孩子使用屏幕時(shí)間進(jìn)行干預(yù)，珍惜在家庭的成長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做更加有意義的活動(dòng)，比如社交，鍛煉和睡覺(jué)。

When screen time displaces these activities, the evidence suggests there is a risk to child wellbeing, they said.
如果孩子們看屏幕的時(shí)間占據(jù)了本來(lái)其他活動(dòng)的時(shí)間，那么對(duì)于這孩子的發(fā)展會(huì)有不利的影響。

He said: ‘The parent guidelines are sensible insofar as they go, but do not distinguish between different types of screen time.‘The notion that it should stop one hour before bedtime is welcome, but more detail on exactly how to turn off wifi access and keep smartphones out of the bedroom would help parents.’
他說(shuō)：“只要他們?nèi)プ鏊麄兊闹笇?dǎo)方針是明確的，只要是看屏幕的時(shí)間都算不要有所區(qū)分。”“準(zhǔn)則是在睡前的一小時(shí)不使用屏幕，想更多的執(zhí)行細(xì)節(jié)比如關(guān)閉wifi，把只能手機(jī)放到房間外面都能夠幫助父母達(dá)成目標(biāo)?！?/div>

（翻譯：林潯鷗）