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Have you noticed that many people can spend a lot of time comparing prices while shopping online, but always make sloppy decisions in the critical moments of their life?
你有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多人在網(wǎng)上購物的時候能夠花很大的精力去貨比三家，但是碰上人生中的重大決定卻總是很草率。

Maybe you are one of them?
或許你就是其中之一？

Take choosing college major for example.
就比如選大學(xué)專業(yè)這個事。

Many people choose their current major simply because they “l(fā)iked” it, or because they had heard that it is a promising industry in this era.
不少人選擇現(xiàn)在的專業(yè)可能單純只是因?yàn)椤跋矚g”，或者是因?yàn)槁犝f這是這個時代的朝陽行業(yè)。

However, few people consider carefully what they do in college, what they will be doing after graduation, and how much they get paid.
但是，關(guān)于這個專業(yè)的人平常都干些什么、畢業(yè)之后的去向是什么、工資水平如何，卻很少有人在選專業(yè)的時候就仔細(xì)考慮。

You can probably imagine that they will be completely overwhelmed after four years in college.
結(jié)果可想而知，他們在四年之后完全不知所措。

To explore this issue, we must first understand three concepts: strategy, tactics, and guideline.
要探討這個問題，我們得先弄明白3個詞：戰(zhàn)略、戰(zhàn)術(shù)、攻略。

At first glance, these three concepts seem to be similar, but in fact they are totally different.
乍聽之下，這3個概念好像差不多，但其實(shí)完全不是。

If you can’t figure out the difference among them, then it’s not surprising that you’ve messed up your life.
如果你弄不清楚它們的區(qū)別，那你把生活過得亂七八糟就不奇怪了。

Simply put, “strategy” is “what to do”, that is, to choose a direction.
簡單地講，“戰(zhàn)略”就是“做什么”，也就是選定一個方向。

The “tactics” have to be lower than strategy, which means that they decide “how to do it” after the strategy has been established.
而“戰(zhàn)術(shù)”則要低級一點(diǎn)，它指的是在已經(jīng)確定了戰(zhàn)略之后決定“怎么做”。

The ‘‘guideline’’ is even lower, referring to doing things the way other people have done it.
而‘’攻略”就更低級一些了，它指的是依照別人已經(jīng)總結(jié)好的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來把事情做出來。

It is sad that the current education system seems to focus only on the “guideline” level.
很可惜，如今的教育體系似乎往往只注重“攻略”這個層面。

From primary school to high school, all knowledge is well-defined, the direction of effort is certain, and we do not need to make choices.
從小學(xué)到高中，所有的知識點(diǎn)都是定好的，努力的方向是確定的，我們根本不需要做什么選擇。

When it comes to the university, such lifestyle of certainty suddenly collapses. Many people find that they lack the ability to choose.
可到了大學(xué)這個節(jié)點(diǎn)，這種充滿確定性的生活方式卻突然崩塌了，許多人這才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己根本沒有做選擇的能力。

Aren’t the “good students” in the eyes of most teachers just like that?
大多數(shù)老師眼中的“好學(xué)生”不就是這樣的形象嗎？

Others tell you how to do it, and you remember it, then you make things happen, nothing more.
別人告訴你怎么做，你記住了，然后把事情做成，僅此而已。

These people may be very reliable executors, but they can’t create things.
這些人或許是很靠譜的執(zhí)行者，但卻創(chuàng)造不了什么東西。

When no one helped them make a decision, they could achieve nothing.
在沒有人幫他們做決定的時候，他們什么事也做不了。

They are just like those who spend a lot of energy comparing product parameters ?when shopping online but don't consider whether they really need those things.
他們就和那些在網(wǎng)購時花大量精力對比商品參數(shù)，卻不考慮自己是不是真的需要這些東西的人一樣。

They are using tactical and guideline diligence to hide their strategic laziness.
他們是在用戰(zhàn)術(shù)和攻略層面的盲目勤奮來掩蓋戰(zhàn)略上的懶惰。

Strategy is a ruler’s learning.
戰(zhàn)略是統(tǒng)治者的學(xué)問。

For each person himself, whether to consider strategic issues determines whether you are the master of your own life.
對于每一個人自己來說，是否考慮戰(zhàn)略問題決定了你是不是自己生活的主人。

Maybe you can live successfully according to the guide given by others, but is this life really worth it? Is this life really happy?
或許你能依照別人給的攻略活得很成功，但這樣的生活真的值得嗎？這樣的生活真的快樂嗎？

This is not a life, but a performance, because you actually have no dominance in yourself.
這不是生活，而是一種表演，因?yàn)槟阕约涸诶锩嫫鋵?shí)并沒有主導(dǎo)權(quán)。

The essence of strategy is making choices, and bearing the consequences for your choice.
戰(zhàn)略的本質(zhì)是選擇，以及為這個選擇承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的后果。

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（翻譯：Frank）